Fig. 4.

Drp1 protein expression. (A) Total Drp1 protein expression levels are reduced in both sAD (light gray bars) and PSEN1 (dark gray bars) fibroblasts (**p < 0.01). After treatment with 100 nM UDCA, total Drp1 levels are increased in the sAD fibroblasts (*p < 0.05). A(ii) Representative western blot showing control untreated (lane 1), control DMSO treated (lane 2), control 100 nM UDCA (lane 3), control 10 μM UDCA (lane 4), sAD untreated (lane 5), sAD DMSO treated (lane 6), sAD 100 nM UDCA treated (lane 7) and sAD 10 μM UDCA treated (lane 8) for Drp1 and loading control actin. (B) Drp1 cellular localization is altered in sAD and PSEN1 fibroblasts. Significantly less Drp1 colocalizes with the mitochondrial marker (TOMM20) in the sAD (light gray bars) and PSEN1 (dark gray bars) fibroblasts (***p < 0.005); however, after treatment with 100 nM UDCA for 24 h, the amount of Drp1 which colocalizes with the mitochondria is increased (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01). B(ii) Representative images of control fibroblasts vehicle treated (a) and treated with UDCA (b) and sAD fibroblasts vehicle treated (c) and treated with UDCA (d) and PSEN1 vehicle treated (e) and treated with UDCA (f). Blue staining is Hoechst for the nucleus, green staining is Drp1 and red staining is TOMM20 for the mitochondria. Each measurement was repeated on three separate passages of each cell line; for immunocytochemistry measurements, at least 150 cells were imaged per fibroblast line per experiment.