TABLE 1. Demographic Characteristics and Pregnancy Occurrences for 1,892 Adolescents in the DONA International Dataset.
| Characteristics | n (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Race/ethnicityab | ||
| White | 860 (45.9) | |
| Black | 387 (20.7) | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 437 (23.3) | |
| Asian | 99 (5.3) | |
| Native American | 28 (1.5) | |
| Other | 63 (3.4) | |
| Maternal age at birth (years) | ||
| 15 | 102 (5.4) | |
| 16 | 211 (11.2) | |
| 17 | 362 (19.1) | |
| 18 | 543 (28.7) | |
| 19 | 674 (35.6) | |
| Referral sourcec | ||
| DONA International | 38 (2.0) | |
| Hospital | 984 (52.7) | |
| Other | 844 (45.2) | |
| Place of birthd | ||
| Home | 13 (0.7) | |
| Hospital | 1,655 (87.8) | |
| Birth center | 217 (11.5) | |
| Other | 1 (0.1) | |
| Clinical care providere | ||
| Midwife | 313 (16.8) | |
| Obstetrician/gynecologist | 1,206 (64.7) | |
| Combination | 103 (5.5) | |
| Family practice doctor | 243 (13.0) | |
| Method of payment for doulaf | ||
| Private pay | 112 (6.1) | |
| Third-party reimbursement | 61 (3.3) | |
| Volunteer | 419 (22.8) | |
| Hospital | 1,191 (64.8) | |
| Other | 54 (2.9) | |
| Childbirth education classes attendedg | ||
| Yes | 693 (38.0) | |
| No | 1,131 (62.0) | |
| Parityh | ||
| Nulliparous | 1,690 (90.3) | |
| Multiparous | 182 (9.7) | |
| Pregnancy occurrencesi | ||
| Pregnancy-induced hypertension | 67 (3.7) | |
| Gestational diabetes mellitus | 22 (1.2) | |
| High riskj | 56 (3.1) | |
| Other (unspecified) | 114 (6.3) | |
| Multiple gestationj | ||
| Twins | 4 (0.2) | |
a
As identified by the doula contributor.
b
Missing data for 18 women.
c
Missing data for 26 women.
d
Missing data for 6 women.
e
Missing data for 27 women.
f
Missing data for 55 women.
g
Missing data for 68 women.
h
Missing data for 20 women.
i
Missing data for 83 women.
j
No definition is given for what constitutes a “high-risk” pregnancy on the data form.