Skip to main content
. 2018 Oct 11;12:86. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2018.00086

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Photostimulation of A11 cells induces c-Fos protein expression in A11 ChR2-eYFP neurons in vivo and action potentials in vitro. ChR2-eYFP expressing (n = 4) mice and eYFP control (n = 4) mice were stimulated with 473 nm light at 15 mW with 20 Hz, 10 ms pulses, 2 h prior to sacrifice. (Aa) A11 neurons from ChR2-eYFP light stimulated mouse (stitched image consisting of 4 20X images; scale bar 100 μm). (Ab) Higher magnification (60X zoom) of boxed area (scale bar 20 μm). (B) Photostimulation of A11 eYFP neurons (no ChR2) in vivo does not result in significant co-localization of c-Fos in A11-eYFP+ cells (scale bar 100 μm). (C) Bar graph summarizing changes in the percentage of neurons co-expressing c-Fos in ChR2-eYFP (n = 4) versus eYFP (n = 4). (D) Real-time optical stimulation with 473 nm light reliably elicits spikes in A11 neurons in vitro. Example of a photocurrent recorded in voltage-clamp mode, elicited by 473 nm blue light (Db). Trains of light pulses (10 ms pulse-width) at 20 Hz frequency evoked spike activity (Dc). (Da) Schematic showing approach. ∗∗P < 0.01.