Table 1.
Descriptive statistics by AD status: Chi-square and t-test results (N = 10,273).
| Categories | All respondents N = 10,273 |
Respondents who ever had AD n = 310 |
Respondents who never had AD n = 9,963 |
t or χ2(df) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) or % | M (SD) or % | M (SD) or % | ||
| Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 75.99 (7.34) | 82.86 (6.91) | 75.78 (7.25) | t = 17.729*** |
| Educational attainment (years) | 12.39 (3.22) | 11.07 (3.76) | 12.43 (3.19) | t = −7.346*** |
| Total household income ($) | 53,264.72 (89,166.78) Median=33,971.05 |
30,980.58 (39,814.73) Median=19,448 |
53,958.10 (90,183.28) Median=34,428 |
t = −4.472*** |
| Total household wealth ($) | 458,947.01 (1,079,410.97) Median=178,000 |
220,335.92 (439,946.37) Median=45,200 |
466,371.42 (1,092,499.13) Median=183,000 |
t = −3.955*** |
| Homeownership | 68.7 | 61.6 | 79.4 | χ2(df) = 39.146(1)*** |
| Sex | χ2(df) = 8.557(1)** | |||
| Male | 41.9 | 33.9 | 42.2 | |
| Female | 58.1 | 66.1 | 57.8 | |
| Race/Ethnicity | χ2(df) = 23.196(3)*** | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 75.4 | 66.1 | 75.6 | |
| Non-Hispanic Black/African American | 13.5 | 20.3 | 13.3 | |
| Non-Hispanic Other1 | 2.1 | 0.6 | 2.2 | |
| Hispanic any race | 9.1 | 12.9 | 8.9 | |
| Marital status | χ2(df) = 93.245(4)*** | |||
| Married | 55.3 | 35.5 | 55.9 | |
| Partnered | 3.3 | 1.6 | 3.3 | |
| Separated/Divorced | 10.2 | 8.1 | 10.2 | |
| Widowed | 28.6 | 52.9 | 27.9 | |
| Never married | 2.6 | 1.9 | 2.7 | |
| Parental status | ||||
| Father alive | 1.0 | 0.3 | 1.0 | χ2(df) = 1.344(1) |
| Mother alive | 5.1 | . | 5.2 | χ2(df) = 16.731(1)*** |
| Census region | χ2(df) = 1.300(4) | |||
| Northeast | 15.1 | 13.9 | 15.1 | |
| Midwest | 24.6 | 25.2 | 24.6 | |
| South | 42.1 | 43.5 | 42.1 | |
| West | 17.9 | 17.4 | 17.9 | |
| Other | 0.2 | . | 0.2 | |
| Employment status | χ2(df) = 60.345(3)*** | |||
| Works full-time | 6.5 | 0.3 | 6.7 | |
| Works part-time/Partly retired | 10.9 | 0.6 | 11.2 | |
| Retired | 77.4 | 92.9 | 76.9 | |
| Unemployed, disabled, not in labor force | 5.1 | 6.1 | 5.1 | |
| Estate planning and ACP | ||||
| Had a valid will | 62.2 | 57.4 | 62.3 | χ2(df) = 3.097 (1) |
| Assigned durable power of attorney for health care | 48.5 | 71.9 | 47.7 | χ2(df) = 70.428(1)*** |
| Had a written living will | 47.2 | 53.9 | 47.0 | χ2(df) = 5.705(1)* |
*
p < .05
**
p < .01
***
p < .001.
1
Non-Hispanic Other category included American Indian, Alaskan Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander.