Figure 1.

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors modulate proinflammatory immune response to Candida albicans. (a–c) Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from buffy coats provided by Sanquin Blood Bank, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Cells were preincubated for 1 h with three different HDAC inhibitors and then stimulated for 24 h in the presence or absence of heat‐killed C. albicans conidia [1 × 10⁶ colony‐forming units (CFU)/ml]. Supernatants were collected and stored at –20ᵒC until tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α (a), interleukin (IL)‐1β (b) and IL‐6 (c) induction of panobinostat, etinostat and RGFP966 were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [mean ± standard error of the mean (s.e.m.), n = 5, *P < 0·05, **P < 0·01, two‐way analysis of variance (anova) with Bonferroni post‐test].