Table 2.
Proportions and odds of CAM use among adults with and without comorbidities
| Independent Variables | Overall CAM Use | CAM Use in Patients with 2 or More Chronic Conditions |
Adjusted Odds of CAM Use | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with 1 Chronic Condition |
Patients with 2 or More Chronic Conditions |
|||||||
| n(%) | χ2, p-value | n(%) | χ2, p-value | aOR [95% CI] | p-value | aOR [95% CI] | p-value | |
| Age Group | 6.69, p < 0.001 | 14.04, p = 0.003 | ||||||
| < 35 (ref) | 349(28.3) | 156(26.9) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
| 35–49 | 887(29.9) | 473(27.7) | 1.12[0.89,1.39] | 0.331 | 1.04[0.83,1.30] | 0.729 | ||
| 50–64 | 1740(31.6) | 1108(31.0) | 1.07[0.86,1.32] | 0.548 | 1.21[0.98,1.49] | 0.083 | ||
| > 64 | 1607(27.6) | 1042(27.4) | 0.94[0.75,1.18] | 0.529 | 1.10[0.88,1.37] | 0.417 | ||
| Sex | 3.28, p = 0.071 | 2.29, p = 0.130 | ||||||
| Male (ref) | 1999(28.7) | 1219(28.0) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
| Female | 2584(30.2) | 1560(29.4) | 1.25[1.11,1.42] | < 0.001 | 1.29[1.17,1.42] | < 0.001 | ||
| Race and Ethnicity | 79.11, p < 0.001 | 161.97, p < 0.001 | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic White (ref) | 3857(32.9) | 2307(32.0) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black/African American | 460(16.4) | 320(17.2) | 0.46[0.37,0.56] | < 0.001 | 0.52[0.45,0.60] | < 0.001 | ||
| Alaska Natives/American Indians | 39(25.2) | 24(22.4) | 0.98[0.52,1.85] | 0.949 | 0.64[0.40,1.02] | 0.058 | ||
| Non-Hispanic Other | 227(25.6) | 128(25.8) | 0.61[0.47,0.78] | < 0.001 | 0.75[0.60,0.94] | 0.012 | ||
| Education Level | 111.49, p < 0.001 | 132.62, p < 0.001 | ||||||
| Less than High School (ref) | 533(18.8) | 369(19.1) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
| High School Graduate/Some College | 2696(30.0) | 1694(29.6) | 1.80[1.48,2.19] | < 0.001 | 1.53[1.34,1.74] | < 0.001 | ||
| College/Professional Graduate | 1354(36.5) | 716(35.3) | 2.12[1.70,2.65] | < 0.001 | 1.78[1.51,2.09] | < 0.001 | ||
| Marital Status | 12.49, p < 0.001 | 16.36, p < 0.001 | ||||||
| Married (ref) | 2550(31.2) | 1533(30.2) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
| Widowed/Divorced | 1465(28.3) | 919(28.0) | 1.04[0.90,1.21] | 0.589 | 1.02[0.92,1.15] | 0.666 | ||
| Single/Never Married | 568(25.9) | 327(24.8) | 0.96[0.79,1.16] | 0.681 | 0.92[0.79,1.07] | 0.291 | ||
| Family Income | 38.48, p < 0.001 | 97.68, p < 0.001 | ||||||
| < $20,000 (ref) | 1652(24.7) | 1097(24.6) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
| $20,000–$34,999 | 613(29.0) | 367(27.3) | 1.12[0.93,1.36] | 0.245 | 0.98[0.85,1.14] | 0.838 | ||
| $35,000–$49,999 | 801(34.3) | 483(34.3) | 1.21[1.00,1.46] | 0.044 | 1.30[1.12,1.50] | < 0.001 | ||
| $50,000–$74,999 | 1255(36.2) | 675(35.1) | 1.21[1.01,1.46] | 0.040 | 1.25[1.08,1.44] | 0.003 | ||
| $75,000+ | 262(28.6) | 157(29.1) | 1.01[0.78,1.32] | 0.931 | 1.14[0.93,1.41] | 0.208 | ||
| Health Insurance Coverage | 4.31, p = 0.039 | 0.05, p = 0.816 | ||||||
| Yes | 4107(29.8) | 2489(28.8) | 1.05[0.85,1.29] | 0.674 | 0.84[0.71,0.99] | 0.041 | ||
| No (ref) | 476(27.2) | 290(28.4) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
| Regular Source of Care | 9.36, p = 0.002 | 7.02, p = 0.008 | ||||||
| Yes | 4256(29.9) | 2624(29.0) | 1.06[0.86,1.31] | 0.596 | 1.09[0.88,1.35] | 0.424 | ||
| No (ref) | 327(25.3) | 155(24.1) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
| Geographic Region | 33.08, p < 0.001 | 157.90, p < 0.001 | ||||||
| Northeast (ref) | 702(27.3) | 389(25.0) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – | ||
| Midwest | 1140(35.6) | 723(35.8) | 1.21[1.00,1.46] | 0.046 | 1.64[1.41,1.90] | < 0.001 | ||
| South | 1441(24.1) | 895(23.1) | 0.91[0.76,1.08] | 0.268 | 1.03[0.89,1.19] | 0.681 | ||
| West | 1300(34.4) | 772(34.6) | 1.21[1.01,1.45] | 0.037 | 1.61[1.38,1.87] | < 0.001 | ||
| Hypercholesterolemia | 45.22, p < 0.001 | 13.64, p < 0.001 | ||||||
| Yes | 2995(31.5) | 2105(29.7) | ||||||
| No | 1588(26.4) | 674(25.9) | ||||||
| Hypertension | 27.19, p < 0.001 | 0.33, p = 0.566 | ||||||
| Yes | 3210(28.3) | 2357(28.6) | ||||||
| No | 1373(32.7) | 422(29.4) | ||||||
| Diabetes | 41.12, p < 0.001 | 25.62, p < 0.001 | ||||||
| Yes | 877(25.0) | 814(25.4) | ||||||
| No | 3706(30.8) | 1965(30.4) | ||||||
| Body Mass Index | 12.01, p < 0.001 | 22.60, p < 0.001 | ||||||
| < 18.5 (Underweight) | 158(1.0) | 67(19.8) | ||||||
| 18.5–24.9 (Normal) | 1092(7.0) | 338(25.6) | ||||||
| 25.0–29.9 (Overweight) | 1669(10.7) | 712(29.6) | ||||||
| 30.0+ (Obese) | 1664(10.8) | 1662(29.6) | ||||||
Note: All frequencies are unweighted; all percentages are weighted