Table 5.

Groups of phytochemicals identified in MECN

Phytochemicals	Names of the tests	Expected changes	Results
Alkaloids	Mayer’s test	Yellowish buff color precipitate	+
	Hager’s test	Yellow crystalline precipitate	–
	Wagner’s test	Brown or deep brown precipitate	+
	Dragendorff’s test	Orange or orange-brown precipitate	+
	Tannic acid test	Buff color precipitate	+
Tannins	Ferric chloride test	Blue green color	+
	Alkaline reagent test	Yellow to red precipitate	+
Glycosides	General test	Yellow color	+
	Test for glucoside	Production of brick-red precipitation	+
Carbohydrates	Molisch’s test	A red or reddish violet ring is formed at the junction of two layers, and on shaking a dark purple solution is formed	+
	Barfoed’s test (general test for monosaccharides)	Red precipitate	+
	Fehling’s test	A red or brick-red precipitate	+
	Test for reducing sugar	A brick-red precipitate	+
Flavonoids	Hydrochloric acid reduction test	Red color	+