Table 1.

TriTryp diseases.

	Leishmaniasis	American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease)	Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)
Causative agent	Leishmania species (Leishmania and Viannia subgenera)	Trypanosoma cruzi	Trypanosoma brucei subspecies
Endemic region	Mainly in Asia, South America, East Africa, and Mediterranean countries	Mainly in Latin America	Exclusively in Africa
Clinical manifestation	Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (skin lesions and mucous ulcers) Visceral Leishmaniasis (enlarged spleen and liver, fever, pallor)	Acute phase with variable symptoms (fever, headache, enlarged spleen and liver) Chronic infections: cardiac and/or digestive forms (megaesophagus and megacolon)	General manifestations: fever, headaches, neurological manifestation: seizures, poor coordination, somnolence, coma
Current treatments	Pentavalent antimonials, Amphotericin B, miltefosine and paromomycin	Benznidazole and nifurtimox	Suramin, pentamidine, melarsoprol, eflornithine, and nifurtimox-eflornithine combination
Disadvantages of chemotherapy	Toxicity, severe side effects, hospitalization requirement and parasite resistance emergence	Variable response in chronic disease, poor tolerability, severe toxic effect and contraindications	High toxicity and inefficacy against the neurologic phase