Effect of acute alcohol challenge on pJNK (15 min after injections) in the HP, dmPFC, vmPFC, CC, DS, VS. (A) pJNK was significantly increased in the HP of alcohol challenge animals compared to saline controls (***p<0.001). (B) pJNK was significantly increased in the dmPFC of alcohol challenge animals compared to saline controls (*p<0.05). (C) pJNK was significantly increased in the vmPFC of alcohol challenge animals compared to saline controls (*p<0.05). (D) pJNK was significantly increased in the CC of alcohol challenge animals compared to saline controls (***p<0.001). (E) pJNK was significantly increased in the DS of alcohol challenge animals compared to saline controls (****p<0.0001). (F) pJNK was significantly increased in the VS of alcohol challenge animals compared to saline controls (**p<0.01). Significant effects were observed in both p46 and p54 molecular weight bands representing JNK1-3 phosphoisoforms. Data are expressed as pJNK levels normalized to total JNK levels. Representative bands indicate changes in pJNK54 (single band), tJNK54 (single band), pJNK46 (single band), and tJNK46 (doublet).