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. 2018 Oct 19;9:4350. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-06849-z

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Preference for sucrose over maltodextrin in home cage drinking and following cued reward delivery. a Task design. Sucrose or maltodextrin solution was delivered 500 ms following rats’ entry into the reward port during a 10 s white noise cue. Trials of each reward were randomly interspersed throughout the session such that reward identity was unpredictable to the rat. b After training, drivable 16 electrode arrays were implanted in either nucleus accumbens (n = 6) or ventral pallidum (n = 5). See Supplementary Fig. 1 for placements. c Rats’ preference (percentage sucrose consumption of total consumption) during 1 h free access to 10% solutions of sucrose and maltodextrin. Tests were after surgical recovery (Initial) and after final session with sucrose and maltodextrin (Final). d Average lick rate on sucrose (orange) and maltodextrin (pink) trials during the task. Shading is SEM. Black bar indicates greater number of licks on sucrose trials 1–4.5 s post reward delivery (F(1,3142) = 66.0, p = 5.3E-6). See also Supplementary Fig. 2. e Interlick interval duration following the first 30 licks on sucrose (orange) and maltodextrin (pink) trials. Inset: mean interlick interval duration across all 30 intervals. Asterisk indicates significant main effect of reward on duration (F(1,3000) = 33.3, p = 0.000084)