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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Prev Med. 2018 Aug 23;117:52–60. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.08.019

Table 5.

Multiple logistic regressions assessing associations of pregnancy with quitting all tobacco product use adjusting for demographic and psychosocial characteristics among females age 18–44 yrs who completed W1 and W2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, United States, 2013–2015

All Tobacco Use
AOR 95% CI P
Pregnant in W2 <.001
    Yes 9.63 6.42 14.45
    No Reference
Use Status in W1 <0.001
    Established User Reference
    Experimental User 5.70 4.49 7.24
Age <.001
    18–24 years 2.15 1.60 2.87
    25–34 years 1.27 0.95 1.71
    35–44 years Reference
Racea 0.011
    Non-Hispanic White Reference
    Non-Hispanic Black 1.13 0.82 1.57
    Hispanic 1.45 1.10 1.93
    Other 1.76 0.50 1.14
Education <.001
    < High School/GED 0.25 0.17 0.37
    High School Graduate 0.32 0.24 0.44
    Some college/Associates degree 0.62 0.46 0.84
    Bachelor’s/Advanced degree Reference
Povertyb 0.103
    Below poverty level Reference
    At or above poverty level 1.21 0.96 1.52
U.S. Census Region 0.424
    Northeast 0.75 0.53 1.06
    Midwest 0.90 0.69 1.17
    South 0.88 0.67 1.15
    West Reference
Substance Use
    Past Year Alcohol Usec 0.265
        Yes 1.21 0.87 1.68
        No Reference
    Past Year Illicit Drug Used 0.776
        Yes 0.96 0.74 1.25
        No Reference
Psychiatric Statuse
    Externalizing 1.08 0.97 1.19 0.179
    Internalizing 0.95 0.88 1.02 0.134

Notes.

a

The four racial/ethnicity categories (White, Black, Other, Hispanic) are mutually exclusive; persons identifying as Hispanic are categorized as such, regardless of race, “Other” includes non-Hispanic persons of two or more races and persons belonging to racial groups other than non-Hispanic White or non-Hispanic Black.

b

Based on reported family income and poverty thresholds published by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

c

Self-reported alcohol use within the past year.

d

Self-reported use of at least one of the following illicit drugs within the past year: marijuana, cocaine or crack, prescription drugs such as painkillers or sedatives used without a prescription, stimulants like methamphetamine or speed, or any other drugs such as heroin, inhalants, solvents, or hallucinogens.

e

Represents the average number of symptoms experienced in the past year reflecting a possible internalizing or externalizing psychiatric disorder (score ranges 0 to 4 and 0 to 5, respectively).