Table 2.
Cox-proportional hazard analysis of predictors of TB incidence in children on ART at Debre-Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia from March 2005 to April 2017
| Variables | Bivariable | Multivariable | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | |
| Age | ||||
| 0–5 year | 0.860 | 1.1 (0.4, 3.1) | ||
| 5–10 year | 0.861 | 1.1 (0.4, 3.0) | ||
| 10–15 year | 1 | |||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1 | |||
| Female | 0.428 | 1.4 (0.7, 2.6) | ||
| Residence | ||||
| Urban | 1 | 1 | ||
| Rural | 0.051 | 2.3 (1.0, 5.3) | 0.333 | 1.7 (0.6, 5.0) |
| Parent status | ||||
| Both parents alive | 1 | 1 | ||
| Paternal/maternal orphan | 0.008 | 2.7 (1.3, 5.7) | 0.875 | 0.9 (0.4,2.3) |
| Double orphan | 0.010 | 3.8 (1.4, 10.3) | 0.434 | 0.6 (0.2,2.1) |
| WHO clinical stage | ||||
| Stage 1 and 2 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Stage 3 and 4 | < 0.001 | 11.6 (5.5, 24.3) | 0.020 | 3.0 (1.2, 7.7)* |
| CD4 count | ||||
| Below threshold | 0.001 | 3.4 (1.7, 7.0) | 0.157 | 1.8 (0.8,4.2) |
| Above threshold | 1 | 1 | ||
| Hemoglobin | ||||
| < 10 mg/dl | 0.001 | 3.5 (1.7, 7.3) | 0.345 | 1.6 (0.6,3.9) |
| ≥ 10 mg/dl | 1 | 1 | ||
| Nutritional status | ||||
| Underweight | 0.003 | 2.8 (1.4, 5.5) | 0.757 | 1.1 (0.5,2.5) |
| Normal | 1 | 1 | ||
| Ever taking CPT | ||||
| Yes | 1 | 1 | ||
| No | < 0.001 | 7.2 (3.1,16.8) | 0.507 | 1.4 (0.5,3.9) |
| Ever taking IPT | ||||
| Yes | 1 | 1 | ||
| No | 0.025 | 3.0 (1.1,7.7) | 0.870 | 1.1 (0.4,3.1) |
| Months on care before ART | ||||
| ≤ 3 month | 1 | 1 | ||
| > 3 month | < 0.001 | 12.6 (6.2,25.7) | 0.006 | 4.0 (1.5,10.6)* |
| ART adherence | ||||
| Good | 1 | 1 | ||
| Ever had fair and poor | < 0.001 | 17.4 (8.4,35.9) | 0.005 | 4.0 (1.5,10.8)* |
| Months on care after ART | ||||
| ≤ 6 month | < 0.001 | 13.1 (5.2,33.1) | 0.011 | 5.5 (1.5,20.6)* |
| > 6 month | 1 | 1 | ||
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval *independently significant at α 0.05