Table 1.
Patient and procedural characteristics and postoperative AKI occurrence
| No AKI (N = 1017) | AKI (N = 481) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age* | 64.02 ± 9.99 | 68.08 ± 9.90 | 0.000 |
| Female | 23.8% | 23.0% | 0.740 |
| BMI* | 29.22 ± 5.17 | 30.35 ± 6.07 | 0.000 |
| BSA* | 2.03 ± 0.24 | 2.04 ± 0.26 | 0.200 |
| Smoker | 26.1% | 16.6% | 0.000 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 5.2% | 9.3% | 0.003 |
| CHF | 8.4% | 13.5% | 0.002 |
| Pre-operative creatinine* | 1.08 ± 1.02 | 1.15 ± 0.43 | 0.108 |
| Diabetes | 32.8% | 43.3% | 0.000 |
| EF < 40 | 8.9% | 14.0% | 0.003 |
| Hypertension | 80.2% | 81.7% | 0.503 |
| Pre-operative IABP | 3.2% | 5.7% | 0.019 |
| Prior MI | 0.004 | ||
| None | 59.7% | 49.8% | |
| < 24 h preop | 1.5% | 1.9% | |
| > 24 h & < 7 days | 17.7% | 21.9% | |
| > 7 & < 365 days | 8.4% | 12.5% | |
| > 365 days | 12.7% | 13.9% | |
| VAD | 24.5% | 32.5% | 0.001 |
| Unstable angina | 55.3% | 56.0% | 0.780 |
| COPD | 12.4% | 14.3% | 0.321 |
| LM stenosis | 33.3% | 35.0% | 0.520 |
| Prior CABG | 1.8% | 3.3% | 0.064 |
| Prior PCI | 20.3% | 18.4% | 0.396 |
| Priority | 0.297 | ||
| Emergency or emergent salvage | 1.5% | 2.7% | |
| Urgent | 67.6% | 67.9% | |
| Non-urgent | 30.9% | 29.5% | |
| Received transfused blood | 29.1% | 54.9% | 0.000 |
| pRBCs transfused pre-operatively | 0.385 | ||
| 0 | 98.5% | 97.3% | |
| 1 | 0.4% | 1.0% | |
| 2 | 0.7% | 1.3% | |
| 3 or more | 0.4% | 0.4% | |
| pRBCs transfused post-operatively | 0.000 | ||
| 0 | 77.8% | 57.9% | |
| 1 | 5.9% | 9.1% | |
| 2 | 10.7% | 16.8% | |
| 3 or more | 5.7% | 16.2% | |
| Pump time (mean, SD) | 100.88 ± 32.01 | 112.44 ± 37.43 | 0.000 |
AKI acute kidney injury, BMI body mass index (kg/m2), BSA body surface area (m2), CABG coronary artery bypass graft, CHF congestive heart failure, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, IABP intra-operative balloon pump, MI myocardial infarction, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, RBC red blood cell, SD standard deviation
*signifies continuous variables