Table 2.
Patient and procedural characteristics and association with Gal-3 terciles
| Patient characteristics | Overall | 1st Tercile | 2nd Tercile | 3rd Tercile | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KDIGO | |||||
| No AKI | 67.9% | 73.4% | 70.5% | 59.6% | < 0.001 |
| Stage 1 | 26.3% | 22.9% | 24.6% | 31.6% | |
| Stage 2 | 4.5% | 2.6% | 4.2% | 6.9% | |
| Stage 3 | 1.3% | 1.2% | 0.8% | 1.8% | |
| Agea | 65.7 ± 9.9 | 63.6 ± 10.0 | 65.5 ± 9.6 | 66.8 ± 10.6 | 0.464 |
| Female | 22.7% | 18.2% | 20.6% | 32.0% | < 0.001 |
| BMIa | 29.6 ± 5.5 | 29.6 ± 5.2 | 29.6 ± 5.5 | 29.8 ± 5.9 | 0.464 |
| BSAa | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 0.464 |
| Smoker | 21.4% | 24.4% | 22.2% | 21.4% | 0.488 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 6.5% | 5.4% | 6.2% | 8.7% | 0.082 |
| CHF | 11.2% | 7.3% | 8.7% | 15.9% | < 0.001 |
| Last pre-op serum creatinine (mean, SD) | 1.1 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 1.1 ± 1.4 | 1.3 ± 1.0 | 0.464 |
| Diabetes | 38.0% | 34.6% | 33.9% | 43.8% | 0.001 |
| Ejection fraction < 40% | 12.1% | 10.6% | 10.0% | 12.3% | 0.508 |
| Hypertension | 81.0% | 79.2% | 80.1% | 83.0% | 0.273 |
| IABP pre-op | 3.8% | 4.6% | 4.8% | 2.7% | 0.165 |
| Prior MI | |||||
| No | 54.6% | 57.3% | 57.4% | 53.7% | 0.098 |
| < 24 h pre-op | 1.5% | 1.4% | 1.5% | 2.1% | |
| > 24 h & < 7 days pre-op | 20.5% | 18.7% | 19.6% | 18.0% | |
| > 7 days & < 365 days pre-op | 9.8% | 7.9% | 8.45% | 13.6% | |
| > 365 days pre-op | 13.6% | 14.7% | 12.7% | 12.6% | |
| Vascular disease | 27.8% | 26.1% | 25.2% | 30.2% | 0.154 |
| Unstable angina | 58.2% | 53.7% | 55.0% | 58.1% | 0.347 |
| COPD | 12.6% | 11.2% | 12.1% | 15.5% | 0.095 |
| Left main, ≥50% stenosis | 31.5% | 33.0% | 35.3% | 33.0% | 0.669 |
| Prior CABG | 2.4% | 2.3% | 2.8% | 1.8% | 0.566 |
| Prior PCI | 19.6% | 20.5% | 18.7% | 20.0% | 0.760 |
| Priority | |||||
| Emergent | 1.5% | 2.5% | 1.7% | 1.6% | 0.815 |
| Urgent | 70.1% | 68.0% | 67.4% | 67.8% | |
| Non-urgent | 28.3% | 29.5% | 30.8% | 30.6% | |
| Received pRBC units | 30.4% | 35.5% | 48.6% | < 0.001 | |
| Number of pRBC units given pre-op | |||||
| 0 | 97.9% | 99.4% | 97.5% | 97.1% | 0.142 |
| 1 or more | 2.1% | 0.6% | 2.5% | 2.9% | |
a(Mean, SD)
AKI acute kidney injury, KDIGO Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes, BMI, body mass index (kg/m2), BSA body surface area (m2), CABG coronary artery bypass graft, CHF congestive heart failure, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, IABP intra-operative balloon pump, MI myocardial infarction, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, RBC red blood cell, SD standard deviation