Table 1. MSC efficacy in recent pre-clinical studies.
| Injury model | Cell therapy | Effect/mechanisms | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unmodified MSC therapy | |||
| IT administration of LPS in Mice | Mouse BM-MSC—retro-orbital injection | • Improved survival • Reduced white cell influx to the lung • Reduced COX-2, NF-κB expression • Reduced NETS formation |
Pedrazza et al., 2017 (39) |
| IT administration of LPS in increasing doses to mice | IT administration of human MSC from Wharton’s jelly | • Improved survival • Increased production of PGE2 and IL-10 |
Cóndor et al., 2016 (40) |
| IT administration of LPS in mice | IV Administration of human menstrual MSCs | • Decreased lung oedema • Decreased BAL IL-1β • Enhanced lung repair |
Xiang et al., 2017 (41) |
| 100% O2 48 hours + CLP in rats | IV Administration of human UC-MSCs 1 and 24 h post CLP | • Improved survival in earlier administration group | Lee et al., 2017 (42) |
| Modified MSC therapy | |||
| IT administration of LPS to mice | IV Administration of Nrf-2 over-expressing human amniotic MSCs | • Reduced inflammation • Enhanced anti-apoptotic effect • Enhanced transformation to ATII cells • Inhibited fibrosis |
Zhang et al., 2018 (43) |
| IT administration of LPS in mice | MSCs over-expressing IL-10 | • Increased numbers of B- and T-cells producing IL-10 • Decreased TNF-α and total BAL protein |
Wang et al., 2018 (44) |
| IT administration of LPS in mice | Combination therapy using human UC-MSCs + S1P and FTY720 | • Improved survival • Decreased vascular permeability and inflammation |
Zhang et al., 2017 (45) |
| IT administration of LPS in mice | IT administration of ATII cells | • Increased lung function recovery • Increased survival • Decreased pulmonary inflammation |
Guillamat-Prats et al., 2017 (46) |
IT, intratracheal; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; COX, cyclooxygenase, NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; PGE, prostaglandin; IL, interleukin; IV, intravenous; MSC, mesenchymal stromal/stem cell; UC, umbilical cord; ATII, alveolar type II; CLP, cecal ligation puncture; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; NET, neutrophil extracellular trap; S1P, sphingosine 1 phosphate.