Figure 4.

Assessment of RPMs effects on honeybees in a no‐choice dietary feeding study. Newly emerged bees were placed in Perspex cages with access to pollen and sugar solutions containing FK‐20 or FdK‐20 at 100 or 200 μg ml⁻¹, or without RPMs (control). Three replicate cages were assigned to each diet treatment, with 60 to 90 randomly selected bees per treatment from six source colonies.

A. Survival plot over time. No significant differences in bee's survival were detected among the treatments.

B. Percentage (average and standard errors) of bees alive in day 30 of the experiment. No significant differences were detected among treatments.