Table 3.

Characteristics of included studies with young people (YP)

Author	Location	Participants	Design	Theory	Method	Analysis
Balfe et al. [37]	Ireland	30 YP attending health services for STI test (m = 9 [MSM = 3]); f = 21); age range = 18–29	Qualitative	None	Semi-structured interviews	Thematic analysis
Balfe et al. [38]	Ireland	35 young women; late teens to late 20s	Qualitative	None	Semi-structured interviews	Not reported
Brugha et al. [39]	Ireland	6085 YP attending 5 community healthcare settings and 1 GUM clinic, over a 2-week period (m = 2379; f = 3706); age range = 18–29	Quantitative	None	Questionnaire	Descriptive statistics: frequencies and × 2 cross-tabulations with two-tailed tests
Ewert et al. [49]	Australia	28 young men who were university students, age range = 18–25 (mean age = 20.8)	Qualitative	None	Semi-structured interviews	Content and thematic analysis
Heritage and Jones [40]	UK (England)	18 YP; 12 via schools, 6 via GP practice (m = 6; f = 12); age range = 16–18	Qualitative	None	Semi-structured interviews (2) and focus groups (n = 16)	Long-table approach (quotes categorised according to questions)
Hogan et al. [41]	Ireland	36 YP attending general practice (m = 9; f = 27); age range = 15–24 (mean age = 21)	Qualitative	Theory of Planned Behaviour	Semi-structured interviews	Thematic analysis
Jones et al. [48]	UK (England)	30 young people (m = 9; f = 21) attending general practice; age range 16–24	Qualitative	Theory of Planned Behaviour	Semi-structured interviews	Thematic framework
Mac Phail et al. [47]	New Zealand	956 university students (m = 272; f = 682, tg = 2); age range = 18–29	Quantitative	None	Questionnaire	Descriptive statistics
Mills et al. [42]	UK (England)	45 people registered with 27 general practices who returned postal test kits (m = 19; f = 26; positive = 25, negative = 20); age range = 16–39	Qualitative	None	Semi-structured interviews	Thematic analysis
Normansell et al. [50]	UK (England)	17 multi-ethnic women in further education college; age range = 16–25	Qualitative	Multiple: Theory of Planned Behaviour, Candidacy, Stigma	Semi-structured interviews	Thematic framework
Pavlin et al. [43]	Australia	24 young women; age range = 16–25	Qualitative	None	Semi-structured interviews	Thematic analysis
Pimenta et al. [44]	UK (England)	25 sexually active women attending healthcare settings for any reason (m = 1; f = 24); age range = 16–24	Qualitative	None	Semi-structured interviews	Content analysis
Santer et al. [45]	UK (Scotland)	Women: age ≤ 20 attending for contraception/pregnancy testing; ≤ 35 attending for cervical screening (positive = 4, negative = 14, awaiting = 2); age range = 15–31	Qualitative	None	Semi-structured interviews	Framework approach
Zakher and Kang [46]	Australia	185 university students (m = 40; f = 145); age range = 16–25 (mean age = 21)	Quantitative	None	Questionnaire	t tests, ANOVA, chi-square tests

ANOVA analysis of variance, f female, GUM genitourinary medicine, m male, tg transgender, YP young people