Table 1.

Characteristics and physical activity measures of children and teenagers with upper limb fractures during cast immobilisation vs healthy controls

	Injured adolescents (n=35)	Healthy controls (n=35)	P values
Age (year)	12.56±1.67	12.63±1.76	(t)0.524
Height (cm)	157.71±13.43	157.72±11.76	(t)0.999
Weight (kg)	47.30±12.12	46.29±11.39	(t)0.425
BMI (kg/m-2)	18.68±2.38	18.35±2.52	(t)0.261
Number of valid monitored days	8.71±2.36	8.11±2.35	(w)0.204
Daily duration of physical activity monitoring (min)	752.08±26.76	740.90±37.41	(w)0.318
Total activity (counts/min-1/d-1)	417.54±179.12	597.09±211.35	(w)>0.001*
Time spent in moderate to vigorous activity (min/day-1)	42.06±21.64	66.65±28.47	(w)>0.001*
Activity energy expenditure AEE (kcal/kg per min)	0.0225±0.02	0.0243±0.02	(w)0.003*

A Shapiro Wilk test with an alpha threshold of 5% was used to test the normality of PA variables. Since PA variables did not have a normal distribution, our statistician used a paired Wilcoxon test (w) with an alpha threshold of 5% in order to assess differences of PA levels between cases and controls. However, variables concerning matching characteristics were normally distributed. Thus, an unpaired Student t-test (t) was used for these variables.

AEE, activity-related energy expenditure; BMI, body mass index; PA, physical activity.