Table 1.

Maternal and neonatal cotinine and NNAL concentrations by tobacco product.

	Cigarette (n = 36)		Commercial (n = 9)		Iqmik (n = 16)
	GM	95% CI	GM	95% CI	GM	95% CI	p
Maternal Cotinine ng/ml	138.0	87.7 – 217.2	186.8	54.9 – 641.8	204.4	88.9 – 468.6	0.54
Maternal NNAL pg/ml	106.3	71.2 – 158.5	411.6	122.7 – 1372.2	31.5	16.6 – 59.3	< 0.01
Maternal Cotinine ng/mg creatinine	356.4	215.1 – 590.4	337.0	99.6 – 1142.1	735.1	285.5 – 1891.3	0.14
Maternal NNAL pg/mg creatinine	276.1	188.6 – 404	735.1	268.2 – 2024.6	113.3	60.6 – 210.4	< 0.01
Neonate Cotinine ng/ml	55.2	35.7 – 85.3	53.5	13.7 – 210.1	80.6	29.6 – 218.3	0.36
Neonate NNAL pg/ml	15.9	11 – 23	53.5	25.2 – 114.2	5.5	3.0 – 10.1	< 0.01
Neonate Cotinine ng/mg creatinine	215.6	119.5 – 388.8	165.3	26.4 – 1033.5	258.8	70.4 – 951.2	0.7
Neonate NNAL pg/mg creatinine	67.7	41.1 – 111.7	135.1	39.7 – 459.5	24	12.1 – 47.3	0.03
NNAL/Cotinine ng/pg (maternal)	0.7	0.5 – 1.0	2.2	0.9 – 5.4	0.2	0.1 – 0.3	< 0.01
NNAL/Cotinine ng/mg (neonate)	0.3	0.2 – 0.4	0.9	0.3 – 2.8	0.1	0.03 – 0.2	< 0.01

Geometric Mean and 95% CI for levels of NNAL and cotinine measured in neonate and maternal urine. Significance of differences determined by Kruskal-Wallis test