Table 1.
The main characteristics of the studies included in the meta-analysis
| Number (control, dextrose) | Incidence of PONV (control, dextrose) | Population (ASA, sex, age [control], age [dextrose]) | Type of surgery | Control fluid | Dextrose fluid | Timing of intervention | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| Atashkhoei et al10 | 70 (35, 35) | 16/35, 8/35 | 1, female, 32.09 (±1.02) 30.49 (±0.91) | Diagnostic laparoscopy for infertility | Ringer’s lactate 714.7 mL (10 mL kg−1 h−1) | 5% dextrose in Ringer’s lactate 608.1 mL(10 mL kg−1 h−1) | Intraoperatively |
| Dabu-Bondoc et al11 | 62 (32, 30) | 20/32, 14/30 | 1–2, female, 37.5 (±9.8) 37.9 (±10.3) | Gynecologic, laparoscopic and hysteroscopic procedures | Ringer’s lactate 1,000 mL | 5% dextrose in Ringer’s lactate 1,000 mL | Immediately after surgery (in the PACU), >30 minutes |
| Firouzian et al12 | 121 (60, 61) | NA | 1–2, female, 41.44 (±12.75) 41.2 (±12.73) | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy | Ringer’s lactate 500 mL | 5% dextrose in Ringer’s lactate 500 mL | 30 minutes before induction of anesthesia, >30 minutes |
| McCaul et al13 | 71 (36, 35) | 6/36, 10/35 | 1, female, 32.3 (±4.96) 33.2 (±4.9) | Elective gynecological laparoscopy | Ringer’s lactate 1,115 (±363) mL (1.5 mL kg−1 h−1 of fasting) | 5% dextrose in Ringer’s lactate 1,148 (±210) mL (1.5 mL kg−1 h−1 of fasting) | After induction of anesthesia, >20 minutes |
| Mishra et al14 | 100 (50, 50) | 33/50, 14/50 | 1–2, female and male, 39.6 (±11.54) 37.42 (±12.00) | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy | 0.9% saline 250 mL | 5% dextrose <108 mL (100 mL h−1) | Initiation upon gallbladder removal, continued until surgery completion |
| Patel et al15 | 162 (75, 87) | 38/75, 47/87 | 1–2, female, 45.5 (43.0–47.9) 46.3 (43.7–48.9) | Gynecologic, urologic or breast surgery | Ringer’s lactate 250 mL | 5% dextrose in Ringer’s lactate 250 mL | Initiated with surgical closure, >2 hours |
| Rao et al16 | 115 (59, 56) | 43/59, 24/56 | 1–2, female and male, 43 (±13) 44 (±11) | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy | Ringer’s lactate 1,000 mL | 5% dextrose 1,000 mL | After the end of surgery in the PACU, >30 minutes |
Note: Ages are presented as mean (±SD), or mean (95% CI).
Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification; NA, not applicable; PACU, postanesthesia care unit; PONV, postoperative nausea and vomiting.