Table 3.
Indirect effects of the association of race/ethnicity on HbA1c, mediated by HEI, BMI, and CRP, stratified by T2D status
| Specific indirect effect paths | No T2D | T2D present | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | 99% CI | B | 99% CI | |
| R/E → BMI → HbA1c | ||||
| Hispanic vs. NHW | 0.008 | (0.001, 0.018) | 0.001 | (−0.054, 0.042) |
| NHB vs. NHW | 0.016 | (0.008, 0.026) | −0.010 | (−0.067, 0.025) |
| R/E → HEI → HbA1c | ||||
| Hispanic vs. NHW | 0.000 | (−0.001, 0.002) | 0.009 | (−0.022, 0.044) |
| NHB vs. NHW | 0.000 | (−0.003, 0.004) | 0.004 | (−0.013, 0.028) |
| R/E → CRP → HbA1c | ||||
| Hispanic vs. NHW | 0.006 | (0.001, 0.014) | 0.048 | (−0.023, 0.127) |
| NHB vs. NHW | 0.004 | (0.000, 0.010) | 0.036 | (−0.015, 0.122) |
| R/E → HEI → BMI → CRP → HbA1c | ||||
| Hispanic vs. NHW | 0.000 | (0.000, 0.000) | 0.001 | (−0.003, 0.007) |
| NHB vs. NHW | 0.000 | (0.000, 0.001) | 0.000 | (−0.001, 0.003) |
| Total indirect effect | ||||
| Hispanic vs NHW | 0.026 | (0.016, 0.038) | 0.041 | (−0.023, 0.126) |
| NHB vs NHW | 0.017 | (0.007, 0.032) | 0.060 | (−0.026, 0.137) |
| Index & Test of Moderated Mediation | ||||
| Hispanic vs. NHW | −0.043 (−0.107, 0.041) | |||
| NHB vs. NHW | −0.016 (−0.073, 0.045) | |||
R/E Race/Ethnicity, HEI Healthy Eating Index, BMI Body Mass Index, CRP C-reactive protein, NHB non-Hispanic Black, NHW non-Hispanic White; T2D type 2 diabetes. Findings were considered significant if the 99% CI does not include zero