Table 1.
General characteristics of patients with imported uncomplicated falciparum malaria on admission day.
| No LFT# |
LFT# |
p-value |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 58) | (n = 128) | ||
| Age | 37 (29–50) | 39 (30–47) | 0·960 |
| Gender | 0·390 | ||
| Female | 18 (31%) | 32 (25%) | |
| Male | 40 (69%) | 96 (75%) | |
| Immunity | 0·270 | ||
| Unknown | 3 (5%) | 1 (1%) | |
| Non-immune | 27 (47%) | 57 (45%) | |
| Partially | 26 (45%) | 65 (51%) | |
| Semi | 2 (3%) | 5 (4%) | |
| Parasitaemia/μL | 7·611 (1·582–44·550) | 5·466 (1·146–47·100 | 0·811 |
| AST (U/L) | 21 (17–26) | 41 (31–63) | <0·001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 25 (19–30) | 48 (34–68) | <0·001 |
| γGT (U/L) | 30 (20–37) | 71 (49–113) | <0·001 |
| Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) | 65 (57–79) | 83 (64–101) | <0·001 |
| Bilirubin (total) (μmol/L) | 21 (10–28) | 22 (15–31) | 0·039 |
| LD (U/L) | 275 (196–304) | 286 (113–346) | 0·181 |
| Haemoglobin (mmol/L) | 8·1 (7·4–8·9) | 8·7 (7·7–9·4) | 0·006 |
| Leukocytes (x109/L) | 4·9 (4·0–5·8) | 4·9 (3·6–6·4) | 0·863 |
| Lymphocytes (x109/L) | 0·9 (0·6–1·4) | 0·9 (0·6–1·4) | 0·998 |
| Thrombocytes (x109/L) | 125 (69–174) | 87 (56–131) | 0·008 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 64 (30–116) | 106 (56–158) | 0·001 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 95 (81–108) | 95 (81–108) | 0·400 |
| Urea (mmol/L) | 4·9 (3·9–6·2) | 5·2 (4·0–6·4) | 0·498 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 136 (133–138) | 135 (133–138) | 0·578 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 3·8 (3·5–4·2) | 3·7 (3·5–4·0) | 0·299 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 1·3 (1·0–1·5) | 1·4 (1·1–1·9) | 0·017 |
| Temperature (°C) | 37·6 (36·9–38·8) | 38·9 (37·5–39·5) | 0·001 |
| Treatment | 0·532 | ||
| atovaquone/proguanil | 50 (86%) | 108 (84%) | |
| quinine | 4 (7%) | 4 (3%) | |
| artemether/lumefantrine | 4 (7%) | 2 (2%) | |
| artesunate | 13 (10%) | ||
| chloroquine | 1 (1%) | ||
| Severity LFT# | n/a | ||
| Mild LFT# | n/a | 93 (73%) | |
| Moderate LFT# | n/a | 26 (20%) | |
| Severe LFT# | n/a | 9 (7%) |
All data are presented as median (IQR) or N (%). LFT# = liver function test abnormalities. Statistical differences are tested using Mann-Whitney or Chi square. Clinical laboratory reference ranges can be found in S2 table.