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. 2018 Aug 23;7(10):4903–4913. doi: 10.1002/cam4.1739

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Typical cases of pelvic osteosarcoma with venous tumor thrombus (VTT) and involvement of the L5/S1 intervertebral foramen. A‐D, A 21‐year‐old male diagnosed as a type I+II+III+IV pelvic osteosarcoma of chondroblastic subtype. A, He was complicated by a VTT extending from left internal iliac vein to the left common iliac vein and the inferior vena cava (arrow). B, Axial MRI scans showed obvious involvement of the left L5/S1 intervertebral foramen (arrow). C‐D, A branch of the internal iliac vein filled with tumor thrombus surrounded the S1 vertebra linking the tumor with the common iliac vein (arrow). E‐H, A 26‐year‐old male diagnosed as a type I+II+III+IV pelvic osteosarcoma not otherwise specified. E, He was complicated by a VTT extending from left internal iliac vein to the left common iliac vein (arrow). F, Axial CT scans showed obvious involvement of the left L5/S1 intervertebral foramen (arrow). G‐H, A branch of the internal iliac vein filled with tumor thrombus surrounded the S1 vertebra linking the tumor with the common iliac vein (arrow)