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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 16.
Published in final edited form as: Phys Med Biol. 2018 Oct 16;63(20):20NT02. doi: 10.1088/1361-6560/aae214

FIG. 3:

FIG. 3:

Left: The deviation at the entry point is computed as the distance between the needle and the intended path on the MRI slice. The targeting error is the 3D distance between the needle tip and the center of the target. Right: Representative skin deformation during the needle insertion. The elastic contact between the needle and the skin before the puncture deviates the needle from the desired path.