Effect of AMPKα1α2-DN microinjection into the VMH on energy balance in HFD-induced obese rats. A: Representative image of direct GFP fluorescence in the VMH after injection of adenovirus. B: Body weight change (n = 9 rats/group). C: Daily food intake (n = 9 rats/group). D: Protein levels of pACCα and ACCα in the VMH (n = 7 rats/group). E: Protein levels of the ER stress pathway in the VMH (n = 7 rats/group). F: BAT temperature (n = 7 rats/group). G: Protein levels of UCP1 in the BAT (n = 7 rats/group). H: mRNA levels of thermogenic markers in the BAT (n = 9 rats/group) of rats fed an HFD stereotaxically treated within the VMH with GFP or AMPKα1-DN and AMPKα2-DN adenoviruses. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 vs. HFD GFP VMH. Statistical significance was determined by Student t test. Data expressed as mean ± SEM. The bands in gels from panels D, E, and G have been spliced from the same original gels, as indicated by vertical black lines. ME, medial eminence.