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. 2018 Oct 21;17:1533033818806910. doi: 10.1177/1533033818806910

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Possible therapeutic strategies for cancer stem cell elimination. (1) Targeting surface protein biomarkers such as CD133 with the aim to develop CSC-specific therapies. (2) Inhibiting the role of efflux transporters to reduce resistance to cancer drugs. (3) Reprogramming CSCs to a normal state by altering their metabolism and inducing them to differentiate. (4) Inhibiting pathways essential for CSC proliferation such as the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. (5) Affecting the vascular niche to impair microenvironmental mechanisms that regulate GSC maintenance and function. CSC indicates cancer stem cell; GSC, germinal stem cell.