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. 2018 Oct 22;17:164. doi: 10.1186/s12934-018-1010-z

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

Proposed cyclization mechanisms for the generation of the main STPs from Copu2 and Copu3. The reaction starts by ionization and isomerization of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) creating nerolidyl diphosphate (NPP). The first cyclization is achieved by the formation of the C1–C10 bond. Subsequent C6–C1 bond formation yields a cadinyl cation, which represents a general precursor for various cadalane and cubebane-type STPs [14, 4447]