Table 1. Characteristics of Clients Enrolled in Arizona Smokers’ Helpline (N = 49,284), January 1, 2011–June 26, 2016a .
| Variable | One-Time–Only Enrollment | Re-Enrollment | P Valueb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baselinec | |||
| No. of respondents | 44,417 | 4,739 | — |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 48.8 (14.2) | 51.2 (12.6) | <.001 |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 24,953 (56.5) | 2,895 (61.6) | <.001 |
| Male | 19,177 (43.5) | 1,807 (38.4) | |
| Missing data | 414 | 38 | — |
| Mode of entry into program | |||
| Self-referred | 33,078 (74.3) | 3,705 (78.2) | <.001 |
| Provider-referred | 11,466 (25.7) | 1,035 (21.8) | |
| Missing data | 0 | 0 | — |
| Insurance type | |||
| Uninsured | 12,898 (29.1) | 1,296 (27.5) | .01 |
| Medicaid | 10,062 (22.7) | 1,022 (21.7) | |
| Private insurance | 21,361 (48.2) | 2,403 (50.9) | |
| Missing data | 223 | 20 | — |
| Social support | |||
| Poor or fair | 8,240 (22.3) | 995 (25.6) | <.001 |
| Good, very good, or excellent | 28,676 (77.7) | 2,899 (74.4) | |
| Missing data | 7,628 | 846 | — |
| Other smokers in the home | |||
| Yes | 17,988 (49.7) | 1,770 (46.3) | <.001 |
| No | 18,228 (50.3) | 2,052 (53.7) | |
| Missing data | 8,328 | 918 | — |
| Score for Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (range, 0–10), mean (SD)d | 4.7 (2.3) | 5.0 (2.3) | <.001 |
| Mental health condition | |||
| Yes | 15,977 (37.5) | 2,117 (47.1) | <.001 |
| No | 26,593 (62.5) | 2,375 (52.9) | |
| Missing data | 1,974 | 248 | — |
| Chronic health condition | |||
| Yes | 24,014 (55.8) | 2,829 (62.3) | <.001 |
| No | 18,989 (44.2) | 1,713 (37.7) | |
| Missing data | 1,541 | 198 | — |
| Confidence to quit for 24 hours | |||
| Somewhat or not likely | 5,242 (14.2) | 545 (14.0) | .80 |
| Very or extremely likely | 31,730 (85.8) | 3,339 (86.0) | |
| Missing data | 7,572 | 856 | — |
| Intention to quit in next 30 days | |||
| No or don’t know | 1,313 (3.5) | 150 (3.8) | .39 |
| Yes, I have already quit | 36,284 (96.5) | 3,841 (96.2) | |
| Missing data | 6,947 | 749 | — |
| No. of cigarettes per day, mean (SD)e | 17.4 (10.1) | 18.0 (10.5) | .01 |
| Education | |||
| <High school | 20,101 (46.5) | 2,044 (44.6) | .01 |
| ≥Some college | 23,103 (53.5) | 2,544 (55.4) | |
| Missing data | 1,340 | 152 | — |
| In Program | |||
| Program exit reason | |||
| Completed program | 4,941 (11.9) | 448 (9.9) | <.001 |
| Quit and no longer wants service | 1,537 (3.7) | 131 (2.9) | |
| Not quit, relapsed, or unable to reach | 35,051 (84.4) | 3,960 (87.2) | |
| Missing data | 3,015 | 201 | — |
| No. of telephone counseling sessions before 7-month follow-up | |||
| 0–4 | 33,365 (74.9) | 3,406 (71.9) | <.001 |
| ≥5 | 11,179 (25.1) | 1,334 (28.1) | |
| Missing data | 0 | 0 | — |
| No. of days in program, mean (SD)f | 63.0 (58.3) | 68.3 (68.6) | <.001 |
| 7-Month Follow-Upg | |||
| 30-day cessation | |||
| Quit | 7,348 (39.4) | 555 (19.0) | <.001 |
| Not quit | 11,310 (60.6) | 2,372 (81.0) | |
| Missing data | 7 | 0 | — |
| Use of nicotine replacement therapy | |||
| Yes | 10,466 (72.4) | 1,815 (73.9) | .13 |
| No | 3,981 (27.6) | 640 (26.1) | |
| Missing data | 4,218 | 472 | — |
| Home smoking ban at 7-month follow-up | |||
| Yes | 12,718 (79.3) | 1,959 (72.5) | <.001 |
| No | 3,315 (20.7) | 742 (27.5) | |
| Missing data | 2,632 | 226 | — |
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation.
Categorical values are presented as number (percentage) and continuous variables as mean (SD). Re-enrollment was defined as enrolling ≥2 times. All values were based on clients’ first enrollment in the quitline. Not all clients answered all questions, so n’s vary by question.
P values for categorical variables were found by using χ2 tests and P values for continuous variables were found by using t tests.
At baseline, n = 44,544 for clients who enrolled one time only and n = 4,740 for clients who re-enrolled.
n = 35,403 for one-time enrollment; n = 3,774 for re-enrollment.
n = 35,574 for one-time enrollment; n = 3,820 for re-enrollment.
n = 43,138 for one-time enrollment; n = 4,677 for re-enrollment.
At 7-month follow-up, n = 18,665 for clients who enrolled one time only and n = 2,927 for clients who re-enrolled.