FIG. 3.

Mineral deposition was achieved in the presence of TGFβ3. (A) Alizarin red staining of monolayer cells cultured without (left) and with (right) TGFβ3. The presence of TGFβ3 abolished mineral deposition. This effect was reversed in SMAD3 shRNA, scrambled shRNA with RUNX2, or SMAD3 shRNA with RUNX2. Scale bar = 500 μm. (B) Quantification of alizarin red dye in wells with 0 ng/mL (purple dots) or 5 ng/mL (red squares) of TGFβ3, n = 4. Points represent independent specimen. Scale bars represent geometric means for each group. Two-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test. Effect of TGFβ3 dose: p < 0.0001. Effect of virus type: NS. Interaction between TGFβ3 dose and virus type: NS Groups of different letters are statistically different from one another. NS, not significant. Color images available online at www.liebertpub.com/tea