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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 23.
Published in final edited form as: IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2014 Dec 2;62(3):939–947. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2014.2373399

Fig. 5. Influence of the penalty term on stability and computational cost.

Fig. 5

These plots show average performance over 20 cases for varying constant factor κc and pressure dependent factor κp, where κ = κc + κp Pcav. The number in the middle of the squares shows the average number of Jacobians required in successful simulations only. Letters in parenthesis indicate the meshes which failed to reach 1 kPa in these settings, and only include a,b,d as all other cases succeeded in all settings. Panel (a) shows these results for the direct discretization, and panel (b) for the deviatoric/isochoric formulation. Note that the choice of 1 kPa pressure implies solutions to the deformation on top-left to bottom-right diagonals of identical κc + κp are completely identical, while total computational cost shown here can differ significantly.