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. 2017 May 6;9(4):45. doi: 10.1007/s40820-017-0146-4

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 10 — Outputting olfactory bionic electric impulse by PANI/PTFE/PANI sandwich nanostructures and their application as flexible, smelling electronic skin. a Structure and fabrication process of the flexible smelling e-skin (the inset shows the photograph of the e-skin). b SEM image of PTFE nanostructures on the top view (the inset shows cross-sectional SEM image of PTFE NWs). c SEM image of PANI nanostructures on the top view. d and e The e-skin can be easily driven by gas flow (human heavy breath or blowing). f, g The e-skin can be easily driven by body motion (pressure). h Photograph of the self-powered breath–alcohol visual detecting system. i Real-time continuous responding/recovering process of the e-skin against 210 ppm ethanol gas flow. j An adult without drinking alcohol can light 8 LEDs. Figures adapted from [98]