Table 3.
Multivariate Analysis for Comorbidities Predicting Health Behaviors.**
| Health behaviors [OR (95% CI) & p value] |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comorbidity | Smoking | Drinking | Sleep | Exercise | Diet |
| Cardiac disease |
2.08 [1.26, 3.41]
p < .01 |
0.63 [0.40, 1.01] p = .06 |
1.15 [0.74, 1.80] p = .53 |
1.01 [0.64, 1.59] p = .96 |
0.82 [0.53, 1.29] p = .40 |
| Hypertension | 1.14 [0.89, 1.45] p = .29 |
1.40 [1.10, 1.77]
p < .01 |
1.46 [1.16, 1.84]
p < .01 |
1.30 [1.03, 1.64]
p = .03 |
1.14 [0.90, 1.45] p = .27 |
| Cholesterol |
1.35 [1.05, 1.73]
p = .02 |
0.99 [0.78, 1.27] p = .96 |
1.16 [0.92, 1.47] p = .22 |
1.27 [1.00, 1.62]
p = .05 |
1.00 [0.79, 1.27] p = 1.00 |
| Type 2 diabetes |
1.57 [1.08, 2.27]
p = .02 |
0.61 [0.42, 0.88]
p < .01 |
1.22 [0.86, 1.73] p = .26 |
1.37 [0.96, 1.95] p = .08 |
1.05 [0.74, 1.49] p = .80 |
| Malignancy | 1.61 [0.97, 2.67] p = .06 |
0.82 [0.51, 1.32] p = .41 |
1.03 [0.65, 1.64] p = .89 |
0.74 [0.47, 1.18] p = .21 |
1.44 [0.90, 2.31] p = .13 |
| Osteoarthritis |
1.43 [1.02, 2.00]
p = .04 |
1.01 [0.73, 1.40] p = .95 |
1.25 [0.91, 1.71] p = .18 |
1.10 [0.80, 1.52] p = .55 |
0.93 [0.68, 1.29] p = .68 |
| Respiratory disease | 1.39 [0.92, 2.10] p = .12 |
0.94 [0.64, 1.40] p = .77 |
1.25 [0.85, 1.83] p = .26 |
0.76 [0.51, 1.12] p = .17 |
1.20 [0.80, 1.79] p = .38 |
| Erectile dysfunction | 1.35 [0.89, 2.06] p = .16 |
1.34 [0.90, 2.98] p = .15 |
1.50 [1.02, 2.23]
p = .04 |
1.46 [0.98, 2.17] p = .07 |
1.10 [0.74, 1.64] p = .65 |
| Depression |
1.62 [1.25, 2.09]
p < .01 |
1.26 [0.98, 1.63] p = .07 |
1.87 [1.45, 2.40]
p < .01 |
1.13 [0.87, 1.45] p = .36 |
1.65 [1.27, 2.16]
p < .01 |
Note. *adjusted for age, ethnicity, employment, sexual orientation, geographic location, living conditions, education, and income. **Type 1 Diabetes, Bowel Disease, and Cerebrovascular Accident Were Excluded (<3% Prevalence).
Bold values highlights the significant associations as p values are also listed.