. 2018 Sep 30;22(3):21–26. doi: 10.20463/jenb.2018.0020

Table 1. Exercise mimetic effects on cellular models.

Cultured Cell Type	Exercise mimic	Molecular change
HUVEC¹⁴ MMEC¹⁷	AICAR treatment	Fatty acids↓ Lactate↓ VEGF mRNA↑
BCE cells¹⁸	Exercise treated mouse’s soleus muscle extract ¹⁸	DNA fluorescence↑
C2C12 cells	0.5 mM AICAR²²	VEGF mRNA 1.5-fold↑
	2 mM AICAR²²	VEGF mRNA 2-fold↑
	EPS treatment²³	Erk 5↑ Erk 1/2↑ JNK↑ ATF↑ GLUT4↑
Primary muscle cell²⁴	EPS treatment	VEGF↑ FGF↑

HUVEC; Human umbilical vein endothelial, MMEC; Rat myocardial microvascular endothelial cell, BCE; Bovine capillary endothelial, AICAR; Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide