Table 2.
Student perceptions of the Community of Inquiry in flipped classrooms in the pre- and post-course surveysa (n = 55)
| Sub-scales | Pre-course survey | Post-course survey | Total | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | t (p) | M (SD) | t (p) | M (SD) | t (p) | ||||
| High performers | Low performers | High performers | Low performers | Pre | Post | ||||
| Teaching presence | 3.51 (.57) | 3.29 (.67) | 1.32 (.19) | 3.69 (.66) | 3.76 (.47) | .50 (.62) | 3.39 (.63) | 3.73 (.57) | 3.70 (<.001) |
| Social presence | 3.26 (.47) | 3.41 (.62) | .95 (.34) | 3.61 (.69) | 3.77 (.59) | .92 (.36) | 3.34 (.55) | 3.70 (.64) | 5.23 (<.001) |
| Cognitive presence | 3.16 (.47) | 3.12 (.57) | .29 (.77) | 3.78 (.61) | 3.82 (.50) | .21 (.84) | 3.14 (.52) | 3.80 (.55) | 8.82 (<.001) |
a1 = “strongly disagree,” 5 = “strongly agree”