Table 3.
Student perceptions of the Community of Inquiry in flipped classrooms in lower and higher performing groupsa
| Sub-scales | High-performers (n = 26) | Low-performers (n = 29) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | t (p) | M (SD) | t (p) | |||
| Pre | Post | Pre | Post | |||
| Teaching presence | 3.51 (.57) | 3.69 (.66) | 1.01 (.32) | 3.29 (.67) | 3.76 (.47) | 4.79 (<.001) |
| Social presence | 3.26 (.47) | 3.61 (.69) | 3.43 (<.01) | 3.41 (.62) | 3.77 (.59) | 3.89 (<.01) |
| Cognitive presence | 3.16 (.47) | 3.78 (.61) | 6.21 (<.001) | 3.12 (.57) | 3.82 (.50) | 6.27 (<.001) |
a1 = “strongly disagree,” 5 = “strongly agree”