Table 2.
Factors related to the Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI)-2015 score and the prevalence of subjects among adherence categories (N = 1370).
| Factor | Class | n | HDI-2015 score | pa, b | Low adherence n = 568 |
Moderate adherence n = 712 |
High adherence n = 90 |
pc |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Men | 746 | 3.97 ± 1.13 | 0.001a | 279 (49.1%)d | 400 (56.2%) | 67 (74.4%) | 0.001 |
| Women | 624 | 3.60 ± 1.11 | 289 (50.9) | 312 (43.8) | 23 (25.6) | |||
| Age group (years) | 18–34 | 400 | 3.65 ± 1.08 | 0.002b | 178 (31.3) | 209 (29.4) | 13 (14.4) | 0.002 |
| 35–49 | 524 | 3.82 ± 1.19 | 227 (40.0) | 253 (35.5) | 44 (49.0) | |||
| 50–64 | 278 | 3.87 ± 1.07 | 110 (19.4) | 146 (20.5) | 22 (24.4) | |||
| ≥65 | 168 | 4.01 ± 1.13 | 53 (9.3) | 104 (14.6) | 11 (12.2) | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | <18.5 | 100 | 3.67 ± 1.08 | 0.183b | 45 (7.9) | 51 (7.2) | 4 (4.4) | 0.433 |
| 18.5–24.9 | 947 | 3.84 ± 1.12 | 375 (66.0) | 504 (70.8) | 68 (75.6) | |||
| 25.0–29.9 | 279 | 3.70 ± 1.19 | 129 (22.7) | 134 (18.8) | 16 (17.8) | |||
| ≥30 | 44 | 3.84 ± 1.08 | 19 (3.4) | 23 (3.2) | 2 (2.2) | |||
| Smoking | Yes | 281 | 3.60 ± 1.10 | 0.001a | 150 (26.4) | 115 (16.2) | 16 (17.8) | 0.001 |
| No | 1089 | 3.85 ± 1.14 | 418 (73.6) | 597 (83.8) | 74 (82.2) | |||
| Alcohol intake | Low | 891 | 3.79 ± 1.18 | 0.218b | 356 (64.3) | 468 (65.7) | 58 (64.4) | 0.194 |
| Moderate | 207 | 3.93 ± 1.03 | 75 (13.2) | 116 (16.3) | 16 (17.8) | |||
| High | 272 | 3.77 ± 1.04 | 128 (25.5) | 128 (18.0) | 16 (17.8) | |||
| Regular exercise | Yes | 725 | 3.90 ± 1.13 | 0.001a | 275 (48.4) | 394 (55.3) | 56 (62.2) | 0.009 |
| No | 645 | 3.70 ± 1.11 | 293 (51.6) | 318 (44.7) | 34 (37.8) | |||
| Location | Students | 233 | 3.73 ± 1.07 | 0.044b | 94 (16.5) | 130 (18.3) | 9 (10.0) | 0.002 |
| Workers | 978 | 3.79 ± 1.15 | 426 (75.0) | 480 (67.4) | 72 (80.0) | |||
| Community dwelling | 159 | 4.01 ± 1.11 | 48 (8.5) | 102 (14.3) | 9 (10.0) |
BMI, body mass index.
a
By two-sample t-test.
b
By analysis of variance.
c
By chi-square test.
d
Percentages calculated by columns.