Table 1.

Individual and county level characteristics of Medicaid enrollees, age 5 to 12 years, with an asthma diagnosis, 2009.

Characteristic		N	%
Sex
Female		248,151	40%
Male		367,281	60%
Race
White		179,180	29%
Black		196,675	32%
Hispanic		149,365	24%
Asian		10,683	2%
Other		79,529	13%
Metro
Big metro		331,688	54%
Small metro		184,212	30%
Rural		97,941	16%
Long-term controller asthma medication ratio
No medication		277,621	45%
< 0.5		302,255	49%
≥ 0.5		35,556	6%
		Mean	SD
Age (years)		8.0	2.3
ED visit ratio		0.33	0.41
County demographic	Black population percentage	16.9%	15.3%
	Asian population percentage	4.3%	4.7%
	Hispanic population percentage	20.8%	20.4%
County socioeconomic	Residential segregation*	0.72	0.16
	Wealth of Black population	0.02	0.05
	Wealth of White population	0.07	0.18
	Gini coefficient	0.46	0.05
	Unemployment rate	6.1%	1.8%
	Children living in poverty	21.3%	7.7%
	Owner occupied units percentage	88.8%	5.5%
County healthcare	Primary care physician per 100,000	14.3	18.9
	Pulmonary physician per 100,000	4.9	4.3
	Hospital beds per 100,000	293.4	184.9
	Pediatrician per 100,000	81.7	70.9
County air quality	Bad air quality days percentage	38.2	23.0
	Air quality index median	45.5	12.0

Note.

^*Isolation index for Whites.