Table 2.
Comparison of data of patients between good-pacing and poor-pacing groups
| Overall | TKA | THA | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| Good-pacing (n=45) | Poor-pacing (n=27) | P-values | Good-pacing (n=24) | Poor-pacing (n=16) | P-values | Good-pacing (n=21) | Poor-pacing (n=11) | P-values | |
|
| |||||||||
| Preoperative data | |||||||||
| Male gender, n (%) | 11 (24%) | 2 (7%) | 0.069 | 5 (20%) | 1 (6%) | 0.206 | 6 (28%) | 1 (9%) | 0.205 |
| Age (years) | 67.8 (11.9) | 70.9 (7.6) | 0.223 | 73.5 (6.4) | 70.7 (8.5) | 0.249 | 61.3 (13.4) | 71.3 (6.5) | 0.028* |
| Height (cm) | 156.5 (8.3) | 151.9 (6.2) | 0.014* | 154.2 (6.9) | 151.9 (5.9) | 0.285 | 159.1 (9.0) | 151.8 (6.8) | 0.026* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.4 (4.4) | 25.6 (3.5) | 0.237 | 26.2 (4.1) | 25.8 (3.6) | 0.741 | 22.2 (3.8) | 25.2 (3.6) | 0.043* |
| Charlson comorbidity index (0/1/2) | (26/16/3) | (18/7/2) | 0.697 | (10/12/2) | (12/3/1) | 0.106 | (16/4/1) | (6/4/1) | 0.455 |
| Disease onset (months) | 72.4 (75.9) | 76.0 (67. 1) | 0.841 | 86.6 (89.2) | 94.4 (46.4) | 0.718 | 56.3 (54.9) | 49.2 (84.5) | 0.775 |
| Previous surgeries, n (%) | 12 (26%) | 8 (29%) | 0.786 | 7 (29%) | 4 (25%) | 0.772 | 5 (23%) | 4 (36%) | 0.453 |
| Pain in other joints, n (%) | 14 (31%) | 13 (48%) | 0.148 | 8 (33%) | 10 (62%) | 0.069 | 6 (28%) | 3 (27%) | 0.938 |
| Average VAS (mm) | 38.8 (22.5) | 43.8 (20.9) | 0.350 | 32.1 (18.8) | 46.6 (19.1) | 0.023* | 46.5 (24.2) | 39.8 (23.6) | 0.463 |
| Worst VAS (mm) | 56.7 (28.6) | 56.0 (23.9) | 0.910 | 50.9 (30.3) | 62.4 (19.4) | 0.149 | 63.4 (25.7) | 46.6 (27.4) | 0.096 |
| HADS-anxiety (points) | 6.0 (4.0) | 4.7 (2.9) | 0.120 | 5.6 (4.0) | 4.6 (2.7) | 0.408 | 6.5 (4.0) | 4.9 (3.3) | 0.258 |
| HADS-depression (points) | 5.9 (3.5) | 5.2 (3.1) | 0.410 | 5.7 (3.3) | 5.1 (2. 6) | 0.537 | 6.1 (3.9) | 5.4 (3.9) | 0.617 |
| PCS (points) | 26.3 (14.0) | 24.6 (10.3) | 0.550 | 22.2 (14.1) | 25.2 (10.7) | 0.478 | 31.0 (12.6) | 23.6 (10.2) | 0.108 |
| Intraoperative data | |||||||||
| Operative time (min) | 106 (32) | 111 (35) | 0.523 | 121 (18) | 121 (29) | 0.982 | 89 (37) | 97 (39) | 0.555 |
| Blood loss (mL) | 254 (513) | 141 (164) | 0.272 | 58 (78) | 41 (32) | 0.411 | 478 (687) | 288 (170) | 0.376 |
| Postoperative data | |||||||||
| Maximum steps (steps/day) | 2,615 (1,777) | 1,456 (1,631) | 0.007* | 2,539 (1,783) | 1,004 (996) | 0.003* | 2,702 (1,810) | 2,114 (2,151) | 0.419 |
| Average VAS (mm) | 13.9 (12.7) | 24.6 (14.6) | 0.002* | 15.2 (13.2) | 25.7 (13.6) | 0.020* | 12.4 (12.2) | 23.0 (16.6) | 0.049* |
| Worst VAS (mm) | 26.2 (21.2) | 46.9 (26.2) | <0.001* | 29.9 (24. 1) | 52.3 (23.0) | 0.006* | 21.9 (16.9) | 39.1 (29.6) | 0.044* |
| Length of hospital stay (days) | 18.3 (4.1) | 21.5 (5.1) | 0.005* | 19.5 (4.4) | 22.6 (4.3) | 0.029* | 17.0 (3.5) | 19.8 (6.0) | 0.102 |
Notes: All continuous variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation. Differences between the two groups were analyzed using the χ2 test for the categorical variables and the unpaired t-test for the continuous variables, respectively.
*
Significant difference among groups (P<0.05).
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HADS, hospital anxiety and depression scale; PCS, pain catastrophizing scale; THA, total hip arthroplasty; TKA, total knee arthroplasty; VAS, visual analog scale.