. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 24.

Published in final edited form as: J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2014 Nov 8;2(2):167–175. doi: 10.1007/s40615-014-0060-0

Table 1.

Characteristics of the 5% highest-cost patients in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System during fiscal year 2010

	Caucasian		African-American		Χ²
	N = 181,882		N = 55,809
	N	%	N	%
Male	173,376	95%	52,427	94%	171.99^*
Non-VA Insurance	105,946	58%	24,377	44%	3.7e+03^*
Married	80,315	44%	16,809	30%	3.5e+03^*
History of homelessness	19,057	10%	14,291	26%	8.1e+03^*
Age ≥65	82,895	46%	16,374	29%	4.6e+03^*
≥1 medical condition	167,723	93%	52,029	93%	0.59
≥1 mental health condition	82,344	45%	30,456	55%	1.5e+03^*
≥1 medical and ≥1 mental health condition	76,104	42%	28,000	50%	1.2e+03^*

p < .001