Table 3. Daily intake of energy, fat, carbohydrates, protein, minerals, and vitamins related to bone metabolism during the treatment period.
Group | Treatment period |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 12 weeks | 24 weeks | ||
Energy (kcal/day) | Placebo | 1,718 ± 469 | 1,638 ± 337 | 1,662 ± 460 |
C-3102 | 1,574 ± 536 | 1,463 ± 402 | 1,470 ± 453 | |
Fat (g/day) | Placebo | 56 ± 16 | 57 ± 14 | 55 ± 17 |
C-3102 | 49 ± 19* | 49 ± 18* | 46 ± 17 | |
Carbohydrates (g/day) | Placebo | 227 ± 67 | 204 ± 50 | 218 ± 67 |
C-3102 | 208 ± 83 | 186 ± 58 | 193 ± 66 | |
Protein (g/day) | Placebo | 64 ± 17 | 63 ± 16 | 63 ± 21 |
C-3102 | 63 ± 27 | 57 ± 17 | 59 ± 23 | |
Calcium (mg/day) | Placebo | 506 ± 185 | 499 ± 181 | 480 ± 180 |
C-3102 | 480 ± 243 | 478 ± 189 | 464 ± 268 | |
Magnesium (mg/day) | Placebo | 231 ± 68 | 220 ± 50 | 226 ± 67 |
C-3102 | 228 ± 85 | 212 ± 54 | 215 ± 79 | |
Phosphorus (mg/day) | Placebo | 971 ± 279 | 955 ± 253 | 947 ± 317 |
C-3102 | 938 ± 406 | 881 ± 271 | 895 ± 399 | |
Vitamin C (mg/day) | Placebo | 109 ± 49 | 95 ± 30 | 113 ± 48 |
C-3102 | 108 ± 53 | 90 ± 44 | 107 ± 46 | |
Vitamin D (mg/day) | Placebo | 10 ± 5 | 12 ± 5 | 11 ± 6 |
C-3102 | 14 ± 16 | 12 ± 9 | 12 ± 11 | |
Vitamin K (mg/day) | Placebo | 254 ± 108 | 235 ± 80 | 250 ± 108 |
C-3102 | 253 ± 135 | 242 ± 107 | 226 ± 120 |
Values are means ± SDs. Significant differences were determined by Student’s t-test. *p<0.05 vs. placebo group.