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. 2018 Oct 24;8:15713. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-34053-y

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effect of OsARD4 on root and shoot growth characteristics of ASD16. (a) Transgene-positive plants of OeARD4-4H showing vigorous shoot and root growth compared to non-transgenic ASD16 under hydroponic conditions. Relative expression of OsARD4 transcripts in leaf (b), shoots (c) and roots (d) of non-transgenic and transgenic (OeARD4-4H) ASD16 plants. (e–h) Represent root length (e), root biomass (f), shoot length (g) and shoot biomass (h) in non-transgenic and transgenic ASD16 (OeARD4-4H) plants. Each data point is the mean of three replicates. *Indicates significance at P < 0.05, and **Indicates significance at P < 0.01.