TABLE 3.
Characteristics of patients with PVCRBSI due to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
| Parameter | Value for the groupa |
P valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gram-positive infection (n = 540) | Gram-negative infection (n = 162) | ||
| Median age (range [yr]) | 67 (55–77) | 66 (52–78) | 0.480 |
| Male sex | 348 (64.4) | 111 (68.5) | 0.339 |
| Phlebitis | 499 (92.4) | 131 (80.9) | <0.001 |
| PVC culture | 0.009 | ||
| Negative | 8 (1.5) | 4 (2.5) | |
| Positive | 103 (19.1) | 48 (29.6) | |
| Not performed | 429 (79.4) | 110 (67.9) | |
| Prior hospital admission | 74 (13.7) | 24 (14.8) | 0.720 |
| Days since hospital admission | |||
| Median no. of days (range) | 6 (4–10) | 8 (5–17) | <0.001 |
| 0–7 | 319 (59.1) | 69 (42.6) | <0.001 |
| >7 or unknown | 221 (40.9) | 93 (57.4) | |
| Days since catheter placement | |||
| Median no. of days (range) | 5 (3–7) | 5 (3–7) | 0.129 |
| 0–3 | 162 (30.0) | 38 (23.5) | 0.106 |
| >3 or unknown | 378 (70.0) | 124 (76.5) | |
| Fever | 527 (97.6) | 154 (95.1) | 0.114 |
| Shock | 13 (2.4) | 6 (3.7) | 0.407 |
| Prior surgery | 40 (7.4) | 36 (22.2) | <0.001 |
| Prior non-surgical invasive procedure | 58 (10.7) | 23 (14.2) | 0.227 |
| Urinary catheter | 93 (17.2) | 38 (23.5) | 0.074 |
| Cirrhosis | 92 (17.0) | 9 (5.6) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 130 (24.1) | 31 (19.1) | 0.190 |
| Pulmonary disease | 44 (8.1) | 13 (8.0) | 0.960 |
| HIV infection | 18 (3.3) | 4 (2.5) | 0.580 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 58 (10.7) | 9 (5.6) | 0.049 |
| Cardiac disease | 200 (37.0) | 47 (29.0) | 0.061 |
| Hematological malignancy | 44 (8.1) | 9 (5.6) | 0.273 |
| Solid organ malignancy | 82 (15.2) | 28 (17.3) | 0.519 |
| Neutropenia | 10 (1.9) | 3 (1.9) | 0.999 |
| Solid organ transplant | 27 (5.0) | 5 (3.1) | 0.306 |
| Corticosteroid therapy | 92 (17.0) | 33 (20.4) | 0.331 |
| McCabe, ultimately or rapidly fatal outcome | 227 (42.0) | 45 (27.8) | 0.001 |
| 7-Day mortality | 21 (3.9) | 5 (3.1) | 0.635 |
| 30-Day mortality | 40 (7.4) | 12 (7.4) | 0.999 |
| Persistent bacteremia | 30 (5.6) | 2 (1.2) | 0.021 |
| Correct empirical treatment | 305 (56.5) | 80 (49.4) | 0.111 |
| Previous ABTc | 107 (19.8) | 55 (34.0) | <0.001 |
| Beta-lactams | 61 (11.3) | 43 (26.5) | <0.001 |
| Penicillins | 22 (4.1) | 26 (16.0) | <0.001 |
| Third-generation cephalosporins | 29 (5.4) | 14 (8.6) | 0.128 |
| Carbapenems | 6 (1.1) | 12 (7.4) | <0.001 |
| Aminoglycosides | 6 (1.1) | 1 (0.6) | 0.999 |
| Glycopeptides | 8 (1.5) | 5 (3.1) | 0.190 |
| Fluoroquinolones | 36 (6.7) | 14 (8.6) | 0.391 |
| Linezolid | 3 (0.6) | 5 (3.1) | 0.019 |
| Current ABT | 94 (17.4) | 40 (24.7) | 0.039 |
| Beta-lactams | 51 (9.4) | 22 (13.6) | 0.130 |
| Penicillins | 20 (3.7) | 15 (9.3) | 0.004 |
| Third-generation cephalosporins | 22 (4.1) | 4 (2.5) | 0.343 |
| Carbapenems | 3 (0.6) | 2 (1.2) | 0.327 |
| Aminoglycosides | 7 (1.3) | 1 (0.6) | 0.689 |
| Glycopeptides | 6 (1.1) | 1 (0.6) | 0.999 |
| Fluoroquinolones | 34 (6.3) | 11 (6.8) | 0.822 |
| Linezolid | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | 0.231 |
a
Values are given as number of patients (percentage) unless otherwise indicated.
b
Significant values are in boldface.
c
ABT, antibiotic therapy.