FIG 5.

CD69 expression correlates with latency reversal activity. Using resting CD4⁺ T cells from aviremic HIV-1-positive participants, the percentage of cells expressing CD69 was measured after 48-h in vitro exposure to ingenol derivatives across a concentration range of 1 nM to 10,000 nM. Fitted dose-response curves from four independent experiments were used to calculate the EC₅₀ of CD69 expression for each ingenol derivative. Each black circle represents a unique ingenol derivative whose location is determined by EC₅₀ for CD69 expression in primary recombinant CD4 (rCD4) cells (x axis) and EC₅₀ for latency reversal in J-Lat 10.6 (y axis; determined from experiments shown in Fig. 1 to 3). Linear regression analysis revealed a significant direct correlation between latency reversal activity and CD69 expression (R² = 0.73, P = 0.005).