Table A1.
Patient and facility characteristics at the time of the newly filled antipsychotic medication by initial antipsychotic agent
| Olanzapine N = 1424 |
Quetiapine N = 7520 |
Risperidone N = 5847 |
Total N = 14,791 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | ||
| Age on index fill date‡ | 80.8 | ±6.2 | 80.4 | ±6.1 | 81.0 | ±6.0 | 80.6 | ±6.1 | ||
| Male† | 1383 | (97.1) | 7366 | (98.0) | 5696 | (97.4) | 14,445 | (97.7) | ||
| Race‡ | ||||||||||
| White | 1074 | (75.4) | 5743 | (76.4) | 4428 | (75.7) | 11,245 | (76.0) | ||
| Black | 130 | (9.1) | 691 | (9.2) | 643 | (11.0) | 1464 | (9.9) | ||
| Other | 20 | (1.4) | 121 | (1.6) | 94 | (1.6) | 235 | (1.6) | ||
| Unknown | 200 | (14.0) | 965 | (12.8) | 682 | (11.7) | 1847 | (12.5) | ||
| Hispanic‡ | 43 | (3.8) | 638 | (10.3) | 313 | (6.5) | 994 | (8.2) | ||
| Married‡ | 834 | (58.6) | 4976 | (66.2) | 3578 | (61.2) | 9388 | (63.5) | ||
| Dementia types | ||||||||||
| Alzheimer’s‡ | 1251 | (87.9) | 6408 | (85.2) | 5065 | (86.6) | 12,724 | (86.0) | ||
| Vascular dementia | 319 | (22.4) | 1725 | (22.9) | 1376 | (23.5) | 3420 | (23.1) | ||
| DLBD/PDD‡ | 43 | (3.0) | 617 | (8.2) | 127 | (2.2) | 787 | (5.3) | ||
| Other dementia | 66 | (4.6) | 333 | (4.4) | 214 | (3.7) | 613 | (4.1) | ||
| Prior medication use | ||||||||||
| Benzodiazapine† | 350 | (24.6) | 1855 | (24.7) | 1327 | (22.7) | 3532 | (23.9) | ||
| Valproic acids‡ | 138 | (9.7) | 476 | (6.3) | 338 | (5.8) | 952 | (6.4) | ||
| Antidepressant‡ | 805 | (56.5) | 4283 | (57.0) | 3169 | (54.2) | 8257 | (55.8) | ||
| Carbamazepine† | 26 | (1.8) | 80 | (1.1) | 65 | (1.1) | 171 | (1.2) | ||
| Other anticonvulsant‡ | 160 | (11.2) | 924 | (12.3) | 559 | (9.6) | 1643 | (11.1) | ||
| Opioid | 472 | (33.2) | 2488 | (33.1) | 1948 | (33.3) | 4908 | (33.2) | ||
| Clinical diagnoses | ||||||||||
| Alcohol abuse/dependence | 46 | (3.2) | 220 | (2.9) | 186 | (3.2) | 452 | (3.1) | ||
| Drug abuse/dependence | 49 | (3.4) | 208 | (2.8) | 162 | (2.8) | 419 | (2.8) | ||
| PTSD | 80 | (5.6) | 465 | (6.2) | 323 | (5.5) | 868 | (5.9) | ||
| Other anxiety disorder | 135 | (9.5) | 755 | (10.0) | 569 | (9.7) | 1459 | (9.9) | ||
| Personality disorders | 10 | (0.7) | 48 | (0.6) | 45 | (0.8) | 103 | (0.7) | ||
| Delirium | 668 | (46.9) | 3664 | (48.7) | 2895 | (49.5) | 7227 | (48.9) | ||
| Depression | 458 | (32.2) | 2401 | (31.9) | 1802 | (30.8) | 4661 | (31.5) | ||
| Schizophrenia/affective‡ | 49 | (3.4) | 122 | (1.6) | 143 | (2.5) | 314 | (2.1) | ||
| Other psychoses† | 287 | (20.2) | 1414 | (18.8) | 1216 | (20.8) | 2917 | (19.7) | ||
| Parkinson’s diseasea,‡ | 93 | (6.5) | 1152 | (15.3) | 267 | (4.6) | 1512 | (10.2) | ||
| Bipolar 1a,‡ | 54 | (3.8) | 168 | (2.2) | 99 | (1.7) | 321 | (2.2) | ||
| Bipolar 2a,‡ | 33 | (2.3) | 95 | (1.3) | 49 | (.8) | 177 | (1.2) | ||
| Number of comorbiditiesb,† | 1.4 | ±1.8 | 1.5 | ±1.8 | 1.6 | ±1.9 | 1.5 | ±1.8 | ||
| Prior treatment | ||||||||||
| ≥1 psych visit in 30 days‡ | 590 | (41.4) | 2755 | (36.6) | 2271 | (38.8) | 5616 | (38.0) | ||
| No. any inpatient days | 5.6 | ±21.2 | 4.4 | ±17.2 | 4.8 | ±20.8 | 4.7 | ±19.1 | ||
| No. nursing home days | 3.1 | ±22.3 | 2.1 | ±16.8 | 2.5 | ±20.0 | 2.4 | ±18.7 | ||
| Years since dementia diagnosis | 2.0 | ±2.3 | 2.0 | ±2.2 | 2.0 | ±2.2 | 2.0 | ±2.2 | ||
| Fiscal year of medication start‡ | ||||||||||
| 2005 | 330 | (23.2) | 1508 | (20.1) | 1268 | (21.7) | 3106 | (21.0) | ||
| 2006 | 467 | (32.8) | 2310 | (30.7) | 1864 | (31.9) | 4641 | (31.4) | ||
| 2007 | 359 | (25.2) | 2083 | (27.7) | 1636 | (28.0) | 4078 | (27.6) | ||
| 2008 | 268 | (18.8) | 1619 | (21.5) | 1079 | (18.5) | 2966 | (20.1) | ||
| Facility characteristics | ||||||||||
| Urban facility‡ | 1198 | (84.1) | 6823 | (90.7) | 5186 | (88.7) | 13,207 | (89.3) | ||
| High academic affiliation‡ | 669 | (47.0) | 3790 | (50.4) | 2700 | (46.2) | 7159 | (48.4) | ||
| Number of beds | 418 | ±277 | 420 | ±264 | 423 | ±282 | 421 | ±273 | ||
| Region‡ | ||||||||||
| Northeast | 305 | (21.4) | 1422 | (18.9) | 1185 | (20.3) | 2912 | (19.7) | ||
| Midwest | 300 | (21.1) | 1577 | (21.0) | 1507 | (25.8) | 3384 | (22.9) | ||
| West | 272 | (19.1) | 1224 | (16.3) | 839 | (14.4) | 2335 | (15.8) | ||
| South | 547 | (38.4) | 3297 | (43.8) | 2316 | (39.6) | 6160 | (41.7) | ||
Unless otherwise stated, all variables are defined based on data during 1 year prior to the index medication fill date.
Abbreviations: PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; DLBD, diffuse Lewy body disease; PDD, Parkinson’s disease dementia.
a
Parkinson’s disease includes ICD 9 of 3320, 3330, and 33390; bipolar 1 includes ICD 9 of 2960, 2961, 2964, 2965, 2966, and 2967; bipolar 2 includes ICD 9 of 2968.
b
Weighted Charlson diagnoses score, excluding dementia.
†
p < 0.05.
‡
p < 0.01 for comparison across the three antipsychotics.