Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics of Anticoagulated AF Patients with Normal Liver Function and ILF
| All patients (n=6451) | Liver Function | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal (n=5818) | ILF (n=633) | |||
| Age, y | 76.7±7.0 | 76.6±7.0 | 77.3±6.9 | 0.014 |
| Male, n (%) | 3389 (52.5) | 3066 (52.7) | 323 (51.0) | 0.424 |
| Past history | ||||
| Heart failure, n (%) | 2708 (42.0) | 2386 (41.0) | 322 (50.9) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 4801 (74.4) | 4363 (75.0) | 438 (69.2) | 0.002 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 2146 (33.3) | 1953 (33.4) | 193 (30.5) | 0.119 |
| Myocardial infarction, n (%) | 426 (6.6) | 357 (6.1) | 69 (10.9) | <0.001 |
| Ischemic heart disease, n (%) | 2820 (43.7) | 2546 (43.8) | 274 (43.3) | 0.819 |
| Systemic embolism, n (%) | 159 (2.5) | 144 (2.5) | 15 (2.4) | 0.871 |
| Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) | 65 (1.0) | 61 (1.1) | 4 (0.6) | 0.319 |
| Transient ischemic attack, n (%) | 215 (3.3) | 193 (3.3) | 22 (3.5) | 0.833 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 1607 (24.9) | 1455 (25.0) | 152 (24.0) | 0.582 |
| Bleeding, n (%) | 2698 (41.8) | 2443 (42.0) | 255 (40.3) | 0.409 |
| CHA2DS2‐VASc score | 4.1±1.6 | 4.1±1.6 | 4.2±1.7 | 0.456 |
| HAS‐BLED score | 2.7±0.9 | 2.7±0.9 | 3.2±1.1 | <0.001 |
| Laboratory data | ||||
| AST, U/L | 27 (22–37) | 26 (21–33) | 71 (36–110) | <0.001 |
| ALT, U/L | 20 (15–29) | 19 (14–27) | 64 (21–102) | <0.001 |
| Total bilirubin, mg/dL | 0.9 (0.6–1.2) | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) | 1.5 (0.9–2.5) | <0.001 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 64.9 (51.1–79.7) | 65.3 (51.8–79.8) | 59.9 (44.3–78.7) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 12.6 (11.1–14.0) | 12.7 (11.2–14.1) | 11.7 (10.4–13.3) | <0.001 |
| Platelet, ×1000/μL | 187 (152–228) | 189 (155–229) | 171 (129–218) | <0.001 |
| LDL‐C, mg/dL | 94 (76–113) | 95 (77–114) | 86 (69–105) | <0.001 |
| HDL‐C, mg/dL | 46 (38–55) | 46 (38–55) | 41 (33–51) | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol, mg/dL | 163 (141–187) | 165 (142–188) | 152 (126–176) | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 95 (69–130) | 96 (70–131) | 87 (63–122) | <0.001 |
| Medication | ||||
| Statin, n (%) | 1868 (29.0) | 1714 (27.5) | 154 (24.3) | 0.007 |
| Amiodarone, n (%) | 780 (12.1) | 599 (10.3) | 181 (28.6) | <0.001 |
| Antiplatelet, n (%) | 3696 (57.3) | 3326 (57.2) | 370 (58.5) | 0.535 |
| Anticonvulsant, n (%) | 85 (1.3) | 70 (1.2) | 15 (2.4) | 0.015 |
| NSAID, n (%) | 1347 (20.9) | 1200 (20.6) | 147 (23.2) | 0.127 |
| Warfarin, n (%) | 3332 (51.7) | 2928 (50.3) | 394 (62.2) | <0.001 |
| NOAC, n (%) | 4390 (68.1) | 4048 (69.6) | 342 (54.0) | <0.001 |
| Dabigatran, n (%) | 1483 (23.0) | 1387 (23.8) | 96 (17.3) | |
| Rivaroxaban, n (%) | 2219 (34.4) | 2044 (35.1) | 175 (27.6) | |
| Apixaban, n (%) | 598 (9.3) | 534 (9.2) | 64 (10.1) | |
| Edoxaban, n (%) | 90 (1.4) | 83 (1.4) | 7 (1.1) | |
Values are mean±SD or median (interquartile range) except as noted. CHA2DS2‐VASc score awards 1 point each for congestive heart failure, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, vascular disease, age 65–74 y, and female sex (sex category) and 2 points each for age ≥75 y and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack. HAS‐BLED score awards 1 point each for hypertension, abnormal renal or liver function, stroke, bleeding history, labile international normalized ratio, age ≥65 y, and antiplatelet drug or alcohol use. AF indicates atrial fibrillation; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein; ILF, impaired liver function; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein; NOAC, non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant.