Table 3.

Percentages of Non‐ACHD HF vs ACHD HF Hospitalizations Associated With an HF‐Related Procedure

Procedure	Hospitalizations, %		P Value
	Non‐ACHD HF	ACHD HF
Intra‐aortic balloon pump	0.84±0.01	3.07±0.14	<0.0001
Right‐ and left‐sided heart catheterization	7.86±0.07	19.02±0.36	<0.0001
Central venous catheter placement	7.20±0.05	7.97±0.24	<0.001
Implantation of cardiac defibrillator	0.80±0.01	1.89±0.11	<0.0001
Cardiac resynchronization	0.66±0.02	1.46±0.10	<0.0001
Mechanical circulatory support	0.05±0.01	0.32±0.05	<0.0001
Heart transplant	0.02±0.01	0.43±0.07	<0.0001

Data are given as hospitalizations±SEM. ACHD indicates adult congenital heart disease; HF, heart failure.