Table 2.

Regression coefficients to predict MZ relative differences in GCSEs at age 16 from earlier MZ differences in learning-related variables.

		B	S.E.	β	p	CI (95%)
1	Intelligence	.14	.02	.22	.000	.10	.19
2	Neuroticism	−.05	.03	−.07	.103	−.10	.01
3	Extraversion	−.10	.03	−.12	.002	−.16	−.04
4	Openness	.05	.03	.06	.111	−.01	.12
5	Agreeableness	−.02	.03	−.03	.500	−.08	.04
6	Conscientiousness	.12	.03	.14	.001	.05	.18
7	Academic self-concept	.30	.04	.32	.000	.22	.38
8	Ambition	.04	.03	.05	.214	−.02	.10
9	Optimism	−.01	.03	−.02	.703	−.07	.05
10	Curious	−.03	.02	−.06	.125	−.08	.01
11	Grit	−.08	.04	−.09	.024	−.15	−.01
12	School resources	.01	.03	.01	.730	−.05	.07
13	Classroom	.01	.06	.01	.825	−.10	.12
14	Homework	.01	.01	.05	.159	−.01	.03
15	School attitude	−.02	.03	−.02	.522	−.09	.04
16	School engagement	.03	.02	.04	.244	−.02	.07

Note. Predictors are MZ's relative difference scores for the respective measure. Significant predictors with p-values below .05 and CI (95%) excluding 0, are shown in bold. B = unstandardized estimates; β = standardized estimates; S.E. = Standard Error. Model estimates are based on FIML with N = 2,280 MZ pairs.