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. 2018 Oct 25;8:15768. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-34021-6

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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HLF expression of α-SMA, COL1A1, and HAS2, and supernatant concentration of HA, following co-culture with asthmatic BECs among donors with and without history of severe exacerbations. α-SMA expression by HLFs following co-culture with asthmatic BECs among BEC donors with and without a history of severe exacerbations. (A) COL1A1 expression by HLFs following co-culture with asthmatic BECs among BEC donors with and without a history of severe exacerbations. (B) HAS2 expression by HLFs following co-culture with asthmatic BECs among BEC donors with and without a history of severe exacerbations. (C) Hyaluronan (HA) concentration in BEC-HLF supernatant following HLF co-culture with asthmatic BECs (subset, n = 20 co-cultures) among BEC donors with and without a history of severe exacerbations. (C) The unpaired t test was used to compare normal distributions (A, α-SMA, HA), and the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare non-normal distributions (B, COL1A1; C, HAS2).