Table 2.
Deaths, attributable fraction, and episodes due to each diarrhoea aetiology among all ages, children younger than 5 years, and adults older than 70 years, in 2016 globally
| Deaths (95% UI) | Deaths per 100 000 (95% UI) | Millions of episodes (95% UI) | Episodes per 1000 (95% UI) | Fatal attributable fraction (95% UI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adenovirus | |||||
| All ages | 93 286 (62 645–136 144) | 1·3 (0·8–1·8) | 165·48 (118·49–222·38) | 22·4 (16·0–30·1) | 5·68% (4·07–7·71) |
| Younger than 5 years | 52 613 (34 709–74 377) | 8·3 (5·5–11·8) | 75·27 (46·93–117·80) | 119·1 (74·3–186·4) | 11·78% (8·19–16·13) |
| 70 years or older | 23 872 (13 596–41 598) | 5·9 (3·4–10·3) | 9·47 (6·30–13·34) | 23·4 (15·6–33·0) | 3·43% (2·37–4·67) |
| Aeromonas | |||||
| All ages | 16 881 (5649–38 788) | 0·2 (0·1–0·5) | 39·33 (17·90–73·78) | 5·3 (2·4–10·0) | 1·02% (0·34–2·18) |
| Younger than 5 years | 6332 (2098–13 192) | 1·0 (0·3–2·1) | 16·83 (6·47–39·14) | 26·6 (10·2–61·9) | 1·42% (0·47–2·92) |
| 70 years or older | 7974 (1812–19 666) | 2·0 (0·4–4·9) | 3·88 (1·49–8·08) | 9·6 (3·7–20·0) | 1·14% (0·29–2·79) |
| Amoebiasis | |||||
| All ages | 26 748 (5826–74 570) | 0·4 (0·1–1·0) | 123·50 (54·69–257·47) | 16·7 (7·4–34·8) | 1·62% (0·34–4·45) |
| Younger than 5 years | 4567 (568–17 863) | 0·7 (0·1–2·8) | 21·38 (4·79–63·92) | 33·8 (7·6–101·2) | 1·02% (0·13–3·99) |
| 70 years or older | 9673 (1566–30 389) | 2·4 (0·4–7·5) | 5·65 (1·97–13·90) | 14·0 (4·9–34·4) | 1·40% (0·22–4·51) |
| Campylobacter spp | |||||
| All ages | 75 135 (44 356–117 056) | 1·0 (0·6–1·6) | 172·33 (115·98–246·71) | 23·3 (15·7–33·4) | 4·58% (2·73–6·92) |
| Younger than 5 years | 40 854 (20 397–65 633) | 6·5 (3·2–10·4) | 88·35 (47·13–162·40) | 139·8 (74·6–257·0) | 9·15% (4·60–14·62) |
| 70 years or older | 17 345 (8166–33 209) | 4·3 (2·0–8·2) | 7·63 (4·54–12·07) | 18·9 (11·2–29·9) | 2·50% (1·31–4·30) |
| Vibrio cholerae | |||||
| All ages | 107 290 (66 518–180 436) | 1·5 (0·9–2·4) | 2·88 (2·28–4·04) | 0·4 (0·3–0·5) | 6·52% (4·02–10·02) |
| Younger than 5 years | 52 232 (31 017–85 372) | 8·3 (4·9–13·5) | 0·90 (0·64–1·40) | 1·4 (1·0–2·2) | 11·71% (7·03–18·92) |
| 70 years or older | 4741 (1960–10 594) | 1·2 (0·5–2·6) | 0·19 (0·14–0·27) | 0·5 (0·3–0·7) | 0·68% (0·31–1·23) |
| Clostridium difficile | |||||
| All ages | 22 417 (16 946–32 219) | 0·3 (0·2–0·4) | 0·18 (0·16–0·21) | 0·0 (0·0–0·0) | 1·36% (1·06–1·74) |
| Younger than 5 years | 1958 (1458–2623) | 0·3 (0·2–0·4) | 0·02 (0·01–0·02) | 0·0 (0·0–0·0) | 0·44% (0·33–0·58) |
| 70 years or older | 8899 (7105–11 852) | 2·2 (1·8–2·9) | 0·07 (0·05–0·09) | 0·2 (0·1–0·2) | 1·31% (0·94–1·80) |
| Cryptosporidium spp | |||||
| All ages | 57 203 (29 837–94 748) | 0·8 (0·4–1·3) | 69·52 (36·09–118·13) | 9·4 (4·9–16·0) | 3·53% (1·73–6·24) |
| Younger than 5 years | 48 301 (24 612–81 934) | 7·6 (3·9–13·0) | 44·84 (19·99–88·70) | 71·0 (31·6–140·4) | 10·83% (5·58–17·81) |
| 70 years or older | 1996 (683–4559) | 0·5 (0·2–1·1) | 0·74 (0·32–1·34) | 1·8 (0·8–3·3) | 0·29% (0·11–0·59) |
| Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli | |||||
| All ages | 12 337 (4439–25 697) | 0·2 (0·1–0·3) | 14·26 (5·63–30·90) | 1·9 (0·8–4·2) | 0·76% (0·26–1·62) |
| Younger than 5 years | 9459 (2620–20 094) | 1·5 (0·4–3·2) | 8·28 (2·29–23·36) | 13·1 (3·6–37·0) | 2·12% (0·61–4·60) |
| 70 years or older | 1464 (513–3471) | 0·4 (0·1–0·9) | 0·37 (0·16–0·65) | 0·9 (0·4–1·6) | 0·21% (0·08–0·49) |
| Enterotoxigenic E coli | |||||
| All ages | 51 186 (26 757–83 064) | 0·7 (0·4–1·1) | 222·64 (144·95–322·85) | 30·1 (19·6–43·7) | 3·10% (1·70–4·63) |
| Younger than 5 years | 18 669 (9800–30 659) | 3·0 (1·6–4·9) | 75·16 (39·69–130·35) | 118·9 (62·8–206·3) | 4·19% (2·21–6·85) |
| 70 years or older | 18 152 (7957–34 248) | 4·5 (2·0–8·5) | 15·00 (9·09–22·80) | 37·1 (22·5–56·4) | 2·61% (1·27–4·12) |
| Norovirus | |||||
| All ages | 19 496 (8747–38 421) | 0·3 (0·1–0·5) | 139·63 (47·77–278·41) | 18·9 (6·5–37·7) | 1·19% (0·52–2·36) |
| Younger than 5 years | 10 629 (5274–19 582) | 1·7 (0·8–3·1) | 48·56 (19·02–100·87) | 76·8 (30·1–159·6) | 2·38% (1·22–4·34) |
| 70 years or older | 3693 (810–8647) | 0·9 (0·2–2·1) | 7·60 (2·15–16·26) | 18·8 (5·3–40·2) | 0·54% (0·14–1·27) |
| Non-typhoidal Salmonella spp | |||||
| All ages | 84 799 (46 201–144 935) | 1·1 (0·6–2·0) | 197·35 (127·37–299·20) | 26·7 (17·2–40·5) | 5·17% (2·87–8·48) |
| Younger than 5 years | 37 410 (16 659–64 509) | 5·9 (2·6–10·2) | 64·00 (31·32–122·03) | 101·3 (49·6–193·1) | 8·38% (3·88–14·04) |
| 70 years or older | 19 056 (8451–35 666) | 4·7 (2·1–8·8) | 9·77 (5·55–16·14) | 24·2 (13·7–39·9) | 2·76% (1·37–4·70) |
| Rotavirus | |||||
| All ages | 228 047 (183 526–292 737) | 3·1 (2·5–4·0) | 591·73 (496·00–695·46) | 80·0 (67·1–94·1) | 13·91% (11·51–16·34) |
| Younger than 5 years | 128 515 (105 138–155 133) | 20·3 (16·6–24·5) | 258·20 (196·95–336·88) | 408·6 (311·6–533·1) | 28·78% (25·22–32·40) |
| 70 years or older | 57 594 (36 869–91 286) | 14·2 (9·1–22·6) | 29·03 (21·92–37·78) | 71·8 (54·2–93·4) | 8·31% (6·83–9·91) |
| Shigella | |||||
| All ages | 212 438 (136 979–326 913) | 2·9 (1·9–4·4) | 269·19 (176·68–369·00) | 36·4 (23·9–49·9) | 12·85% (9·01–17·09) |
| Younger than 5 years | 63 713 (41 191–93 611) | 10·1 (6·5–14·8) | 74·77 (41·40–127·74) | 118·3 (65·5–202·1) | 14·28% (9·58–20·74) |
| 70 years or older | 74 402 (42 443–128 668) | 18·4 (10·5–31·8) | 16·39 (10·46–23·36) | 40·5 (25·9–57·8) | 10·73% (7·18–14·81) |
UI=uncertainty interval.