Figure 5.

Representative photomicrographs of immunohistochemistry staining on tumor tissue morphology. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that NF-κB expression was evident in groups (A) SP and (B) NSP, and were primarily located in the cytoplasm and characterized by dark brown staining; however, following eight treatments with curcumin, NF-κB immunoreactivity was not prominent in groups (C) SP+curcumin and (D) NSP+curcumin, indicating a notable suppression of NF-κB in tumor tissue. (E) Bar graphs are depicted as the means ± standard deviation of three mice per group. Values represent the total positive area. **P<0.01 vs. group SP, ^##P<0.01 vs. group NSP. Each experiment was independently repeated three times. The scale bar indicates the magnification. SP, side population; NSP, non-SP; NF, nuclear factor.